fuzz: Exclude too expensive inputs in descriptor_parse targets

Also, fixup iwyu warnings in the util module.

Also, fixup a typo.

The moved part can be reviewed with the git option:
--color-moved=dimmed-zebra

src/test/fuzz/descriptor_parse.cpp

@@ -77,21 +77,9 @@ void initialize_mocked_descriptor_parse()
 
 FUZZ_TARGET(mocked_descriptor_parse, .init = initialize_mocked_descriptor_parse)
 {
-    // Key derivation is expensive. Deriving deep derivation paths take a lot of compute and we'd
-    // rather spend time elsewhere in this target, like on the actual descriptor syntax. So rule
-    // out strings which could correspond to a descriptor containing a too large derivation path.
-    if (HasDeepDerivPath(buffer)) return;
-
-    // Some fragments can take a virtually unlimited number of sub-fragments (thresh, multi_a) but
-    // may perform quadratic operations on them. Limit the number of sub-fragments per fragment.
-    if (HasTooManySubFrag(buffer)) return;
-
-    // The script building logic performs quadratic copies in the number of nested wrappers. Limit
-    // the number of nested wrappers per fragment.
-    if (HasTooManyWrappers(buffer)) return;
-
     const std::string mocked_descriptor{buffer.begin(), buffer.end()};
     if (const auto descriptor = MOCKED_DESC_CONVERTER.GetDescriptor(mocked_descriptor)) {
+        if (IsTooExpensive(MakeUCharSpan(*descriptor))) return;
         FlatSigningProvider signing_provider;
         std::string error;
         const auto desc = Parse(*descriptor, signing_provider, error);
@@ -106,10 +94,7 @@ FUZZ_TARGET(mocked_descriptor_parse, .init = initialize_mocked_descriptor_parse)
 
 FUZZ_TARGET(descriptor_parse, .init = initialize_descriptor_parse)
 {
-    // See comments above for rationales.
-    if (HasDeepDerivPath(buffer)) return;
-    if (HasTooManySubFrag(buffer)) return;
-    if (HasTooManyWrappers(buffer)) return;
+    if (IsTooExpensive(buffer)) return;
 
     const std::string descriptor(buffer.begin(), buffer.end());
     FlatSigningProvider signing_provider;

src/test/fuzz/util/descriptor.cpp

@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 #include <key.h>
 #include <key_io.h>
 #include <pubkey.h>
+#include <span.h>
 #include <util/strencodings.h>
 
 #include <ranges>
 #include <stack>
+#include <vector>
 
-void MockedDescriptorConverter::Init() {
+void MockedDescriptorConverter::Init()
+{
     // The data to use as a private key or a seed for an xprv.
     std::array<std::byte, 32> key_data{std::byte{1}};
     // Generate keys of all kinds and store them in the keys array.

src/test/fuzz/util/descriptor.h

@@ -86,4 +86,31 @@ constexpr uint32_t MAX_LEAF_SIZE{200};
 /// MockedDescriptorConverter) has a leaf size too large.
 bool HasTooLargeLeafSize(std::span<const uint8_t> buff, uint32_t max_leaf_size = MAX_LEAF_SIZE);
 
+/// Deriving "expensive" descriptors will consume useful fuzz compute. The
+/// compute is better spent on a smaller subset of descriptors, which still
+/// covers all real end-user settings.
+///
+/// Use this function after MockedDescriptorConverter::GetDescriptor()
+inline bool IsTooExpensive(std::span<const uint8_t> buffer)
+{
+    // Key derivation is expensive. Deriving deep derivation paths takes a lot of compute and we'd
+    // rather spend time elsewhere in this target, like on the actual descriptor syntax. So rule
+    // out strings which could correspond to a descriptor containing a too large derivation path.
+    if (HasDeepDerivPath(buffer)) return true;
+
+    // Some fragments can take a virtually unlimited number of sub-fragments (thresh, multi_a) but
+    // may perform quadratic operations on them. Limit the number of sub-fragments per fragment.
+    if (HasTooManySubFrag(buffer)) return true;
+
+    // The script building logic performs quadratic copies in the number of nested wrappers. Limit
+    // the number of nested wrappers per fragment.
+    if (HasTooManyWrappers(buffer)) return true;
+
+    // If any suspected leaf is too large, it will likely not represent a valid
+    // use-case. Also, possible base58 parsing in the leaf is quadratic. So
+    // limit the leaf size.
+    if (HasTooLargeLeafSize(buffer)) return true;
+
+    return false;
+}
 #endif // BITCOIN_TEST_FUZZ_UTIL_DESCRIPTOR_H

src/wallet/test/fuzz/scriptpubkeyman.cpp

@@ -50,23 +50,12 @@ void initialize_spkm()
     MOCKED_DESC_CONVERTER.Init();
 }
 
-/**
- * Deriving "expensive" descriptors will consume useful fuzz compute. The
- * compute is better spent on a smaller subset of descriptors, which still
- * covers all real end-user settings.
- */
-static bool IsTooExpensive(std::span<const uint8_t> desc)
-{
-    return HasDeepDerivPath(desc) || HasTooManySubFrag(desc) || HasTooManyWrappers(desc);
-}
-
 static std::optional<std::pair<WalletDescriptor, FlatSigningProvider>> CreateWalletDescriptor(FuzzedDataProvider& fuzzed_data_provider)
 {
     const std::string mocked_descriptor{fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeRandomLengthString()};
-    if (IsTooExpensive(MakeUCharSpan(mocked_descriptor))) return {};
     const auto desc_str{MOCKED_DESC_CONVERTER.GetDescriptor(mocked_descriptor)};
     if (!desc_str.has_value()) return std::nullopt;
-    if (HasTooLargeLeafSize(MakeUCharSpan(*desc_str))) return {};
+    if (IsTooExpensive(MakeUCharSpan(*desc_str))) return {};
 
     FlatSigningProvider keys;
     std::string error;