From e779d59eca62dd20885158256cdbbfbe2ff3ac5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 11:29:49 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 01/19] [test] check miner doesn't select 0fee transactions

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: e5f896bb1f052fb8c7811c6024cb49143b427512
---
 test/functional/mining_basic.py | 19 ++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/functional/mining_basic.py b/test/functional/mining_basic.py
index aca71933ec5..02d3480dd35 100755
--- a/test/functional/mining_basic.py
+++ b/test/functional/mining_basic.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ from test_framework.p2p import P2PDataStore
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import (
     assert_equal,
+    assert_greater_than,
     assert_greater_than_or_equal,
     assert_raises_rpc_error,
     get_fee,
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ class MiningTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         node = self.nodes[0]
 
         # test default (no parameter), zero and a bunch of arbitrary blockmintxfee rates [sat/kvB]
-        for blockmintxfee_sat_kvb in (DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE, 0, 50, 100, 500, 2500, 5000, 21000, 333333, 2500000):
+        for blockmintxfee_sat_kvb in (DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE, 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 2500, 5000, 21000, 333333, 2500000):
             blockmintxfee_btc_kvb = blockmintxfee_sat_kvb / Decimal(COIN)
             if blockmintxfee_sat_kvb == DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE:
                 self.log.info(f"-> Default -blockmintxfee setting ({blockmintxfee_sat_kvb} sat/kvB)...")
@@ -97,19 +98,27 @@ class MiningTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                 self.wallet.rescan_utxos()  # to avoid spending outputs of txs that are not in mempool anymore after restart
 
             # submit one tx with exactly the blockmintxfee rate, and one slightly below
-            tx_with_min_feerate = self.wallet.send_self_transfer(from_node=node, fee_rate=blockmintxfee_btc_kvb)
+            tx_with_min_feerate = self.wallet.send_self_transfer(from_node=node, fee_rate=blockmintxfee_btc_kvb, confirmed_only=True)
             assert_equal(tx_with_min_feerate["fee"], get_fee(tx_with_min_feerate["tx"].get_vsize(), blockmintxfee_btc_kvb))
-            if blockmintxfee_btc_kvb > 0:
+            if blockmintxfee_sat_kvb > 5:
                 lowerfee_btc_kvb = blockmintxfee_btc_kvb - Decimal(10)/COIN  # 0.01 sat/vbyte lower
-                tx_below_min_feerate = self.wallet.send_self_transfer(from_node=node, fee_rate=lowerfee_btc_kvb)
+                tx_below_min_feerate = self.wallet.send_self_transfer(from_node=node, fee_rate=lowerfee_btc_kvb, confirmed_only=True)
                 assert_equal(tx_below_min_feerate["fee"], get_fee(tx_below_min_feerate["tx"].get_vsize(), lowerfee_btc_kvb))
             else:  # go below zero fee by using modified fees
-                tx_below_min_feerate = self.wallet.send_self_transfer(from_node=node, fee_rate=blockmintxfee_btc_kvb)
+                tx_below_min_feerate = self.wallet.send_self_transfer(from_node=node, fee_rate=blockmintxfee_btc_kvb, confirmed_only=True)
                 node.prioritisetransaction(tx_below_min_feerate["txid"], 0, -1)
 
             # check that tx below specified fee-rate is neither in template nor in the actual block
             block_template = node.getblocktemplate(NORMAL_GBT_REQUEST_PARAMS)
             block_template_txids = [tx['txid'] for tx in block_template['transactions']]
+
+            # Unless blockmintxfee is 0, the template shouldn't contain free transactions.
+            # Note that the real block assembler uses package feerates, but we didn't create dependent transactions so it's ok to use base feerate.
+            if blockmintxfee_btc_kvb > 0:
+                for txid in block_template_txids:
+                    tx = node.getmempoolentry(txid)
+                    assert_greater_than(tx['fees']['base'], 0)
+
             self.generate(self.wallet, 1, sync_fun=self.no_op)
             block = node.getblock(node.getbestblockhash(), verbosity=2)
             block_txids = [tx['txid'] for tx in block['tx']]

From 308778b7b614c29bf8fd3e9edcf938d9f19cbba2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 12:38:36 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 02/19] [test] check bypass of minrelay for various
 minrelaytxfee settings

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: 85f498893f54ea7d84f2bdf12aa35d198edf8a72
---
 test/functional/mempool_truc.py | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_truc.py b/test/functional/mempool_truc.py
index 28f3256ef1b..774c9e7c1f2 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_truc.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_truc.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from test_framework.util import (
     assert_greater_than,
     assert_greater_than_or_equal,
     assert_raises_rpc_error,
+    get_fee,
 )
 from test_framework.wallet import (
     COIN,
@@ -621,12 +622,57 @@ class MempoolTRUC(BitcoinTestFramework):
         )
         self.check_mempool([tx_with_multi_children["txid"], tx_with_sibling3_rbf["txid"], tx_with_sibling2["txid"]])
 
+    @cleanup(extra_args=None)
+    def test_minrelay_in_package_combos(self):
+        node = self.nodes[0]
+        self.log.info("Test that only TRUC transactions can be under minrelaytxfee for various settings...")
+
+        for minrelay_setting in (0, 5, 10, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 333333, 2500000):
+            self.log.info(f"-> Test -minrelaytxfee={minrelay_setting}sat/kvB...")
+            setting_decimal = minrelay_setting / Decimal(COIN)
+            self.restart_node(0, extra_args=[f"-minrelaytxfee={setting_decimal:.8f}", "-persistmempool=0"])
+            minrelayfeerate = node.getmempoolinfo()["minrelaytxfee"]
+            high_feerate = minrelayfeerate * 50
+
+            tx_v3_0fee_parent = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(fee=0, fee_rate=0, confirmed_only=True, version=3)
+            tx_v3_child = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=tx_v3_0fee_parent["new_utxo"], fee_rate=high_feerate, version=3)
+            total_v3_fee = tx_v3_child["fee"] + tx_v3_0fee_parent["fee"]
+            total_v3_size = tx_v3_child["tx"].get_vsize() + tx_v3_0fee_parent["tx"].get_vsize()
+            assert_greater_than_or_equal(total_v3_fee, get_fee(total_v3_size, minrelayfeerate))
+            if minrelayfeerate > 0:
+                assert_greater_than(get_fee(tx_v3_0fee_parent["tx"].get_vsize(), minrelayfeerate), 0)
+                # Always need to pay at least 1 satoshi for entry, even if minimum feerate is very low
+                assert_greater_than(total_v3_fee, 0)
+
+            tx_v2_0fee_parent = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(fee=0, fee_rate=0, confirmed_only=True, version=2)
+            tx_v2_child = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=tx_v2_0fee_parent["new_utxo"], fee_rate=high_feerate, version=2)
+            total_v2_fee = tx_v2_child["fee"] + tx_v2_0fee_parent["fee"]
+            total_v2_size = tx_v2_child["tx"].get_vsize() + tx_v2_0fee_parent["tx"].get_vsize()
+            assert_greater_than_or_equal(total_v2_fee, get_fee(total_v2_size, minrelayfeerate))
+            if minrelayfeerate > 0:
+                assert_greater_than(get_fee(tx_v2_0fee_parent["tx"].get_vsize(), minrelayfeerate), 0)
+                # Always need to pay at least 1 satoshi for entry, even if minimum feerate is very low
+                assert_greater_than(total_v2_fee, 0)
+
+            result_truc = node.submitpackage([tx_v3_0fee_parent["hex"], tx_v3_child["hex"]], maxfeerate=0)
+            assert_equal(result_truc["package_msg"], "success")
+
+            result_non_truc = node.submitpackage([tx_v2_0fee_parent["hex"], tx_v2_child["hex"]], maxfeerate=0)
+            if minrelayfeerate > 0:
+                assert_equal(result_non_truc["package_msg"], "transaction failed")
+                min_fee_parent = int(get_fee(tx_v2_0fee_parent["tx"].get_vsize(), minrelayfeerate) * COIN)
+                assert_equal(result_non_truc["tx-results"][tx_v2_0fee_parent["wtxid"]]["error"], f"min relay fee not met, 0 < {min_fee_parent}")
+                self.check_mempool([tx_v3_0fee_parent["txid"], tx_v3_child["txid"]])
+            else:
+                assert_equal(result_non_truc["package_msg"], "success")
+                self.check_mempool([tx_v2_0fee_parent["txid"], tx_v2_child["txid"], tx_v3_0fee_parent["txid"], tx_v3_child["txid"]])
+
 
     def run_test(self):
         self.log.info("Generate blocks to create UTXOs")
         node = self.nodes[0]
         self.wallet = MiniWallet(node)
-        self.generate(self.wallet, 120)
+        self.generate(self.wallet, 200)
         self.test_truc_max_vsize()
         self.test_truc_acceptance()
         self.test_truc_replacement()
@@ -641,6 +687,7 @@ class MempoolTRUC(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.test_reorg_2child_rbf()
         self.test_truc_sibling_eviction()
         self.test_reorg_sibling_eviction_1p2c()
+        self.test_minrelay_in_package_combos()
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

From cf875f15596052d42abccecb81a96d8e343fd2cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 13:53:57 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 03/19] [test] RBF rule 4 for various incrementalrelayfee
 settings

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: 72dc18467dbfc16cdbda2dd109b087243b397799
---
 test/functional/feature_rbf.py | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 38 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/functional/feature_rbf.py b/test/functional/feature_rbf.py
index b660b96935d..f16be68fcc4 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_rbf.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_rbf.py
@@ -14,7 +14,10 @@ from test_framework.messages import (
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import (
     assert_equal,
+    assert_greater_than,
+    assert_greater_than_or_equal,
     assert_raises_rpc_error,
+    get_fee,
 )
 from test_framework.wallet import MiniWallet
 from test_framework.address import ADDRESS_BCRT1_UNSPENDABLE
@@ -87,6 +90,9 @@ class ReplaceByFeeTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.log.info("Running test full replace by fee...")
         self.test_fullrbf()
 
+        self.log.info("Running test incremental relay feerates...")
+        self.test_incremental_relay_feerates()
+
         self.log.info("Passed")
 
     def make_utxo(self, node, amount, *, confirmed=True, scriptPubKey=None):
@@ -701,6 +707,38 @@ class ReplaceByFeeTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         tx.vout[0].nValue -= 1
         assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, "insufficient fee", self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, tx.serialize().hex())
 
+    def test_incremental_relay_feerates(self):
+        self.log.info("Test that incremental relay fee is applied correctly in RBF for various settings...")
+        node = self.nodes[0]
+        for incremental_setting in (0, 5, 10, 50, 100, 234, 1000, 5000, 21000):
+            incremental_setting_decimal = incremental_setting / Decimal(COIN)
+            self.log.info(f"-> Test -incrementalrelayfee={incremental_setting_decimal:.8f}sat/kvB...")
+            self.restart_node(0, extra_args=[f"-incrementalrelayfee={incremental_setting_decimal:.8f}", "-datacarriersize=5000", "-persistmempool=0"])
+
+            # When incremental relay feerate is higher than min relay feerate, min relay feerate is automatically increased.
+            min_relay_feerate = node.getmempoolinfo()["minrelaytxfee"]
+            assert_greater_than_or_equal(min_relay_feerate, incremental_setting_decimal)
+
+            low_feerate = min_relay_feerate * 2
+            confirmed_utxo = self.wallet.get_utxo(confirmed_only=True)
+            replacee_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxo, fee_rate=low_feerate, target_weight=20000)
+            node.sendrawtransaction(replacee_tx['hex'])
+
+            replacement_placeholder_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxo)
+            replacement_expected_size = replacement_placeholder_tx['tx'].get_vsize()
+            replacement_required_fee = get_fee(replacement_expected_size, incremental_setting_decimal) + replacee_tx['fee']
+
+            # Should always be required to pay additional fees
+            if incremental_setting > 0:
+                assert_greater_than(replacement_required_fee, replacee_tx['fee'])
+
+            # 1 satoshi shy of the required fee
+            failed_replacement_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxo, fee=replacement_required_fee - Decimal("0.00000001"))
+            assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, "insufficient fee", node.sendrawtransaction, failed_replacement_tx['hex'])
+
+            replacement_tx = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxo, fee=replacement_required_fee)
+            node.sendrawtransaction(replacement_tx['hex'])
+
     def test_fullrbf(self):
 
         confirmed_utxo = self.make_utxo(self.nodes[0], int(2 * COIN))

From e3273e03b1aea0c3ee3aeca802c984ab007f91ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 11 Aug 2025 16:58:21 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 04/19] [test] explicitly check default -minrelaytxfee and
 -incrementalrelayfee

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From:  1fbee5d7b61b83e68e4230c8a97ca308de92c4c3
---
 test/functional/mempool_accept.py              | 9 +++++++++
 test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py | 4 ++++
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_accept.py b/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
index 4d08575255b..1380f4e57b6 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 import math
 
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
+from test_framework.mempool_util import (
+    DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE,
+    DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE,
+)
 from test_framework.messages import (
     MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE,
     COIN,
@@ -80,6 +84,11 @@ class MempoolAcceptanceTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         assert_equal(node.getblockcount(), 200)
         assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['size'], self.mempool_size)
 
+        self.log.info("Check default settings")
+        # Settings are listed in BTC/kvB
+        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN)
+        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['incrementalrelayfee'], Decimal(DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE) / COIN)
+
         self.log.info('Should not accept garbage to testmempoolaccept')
         assert_raises_rpc_error(-3, 'JSON value of type string is not of expected type array', lambda: node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs='ff00baar'))
         assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, 'Array must contain between 1 and 25 transactions.', lambda: node.testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=['ff22']*26))
diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
index 148cc935ed5..9c514a7d548 100644
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ from .wallet import (
     MiniWallet,
 )
 
+# Default for -minrelaytxfee in sat/kvB
+DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = 1000
+# Default for -incrementalrelayfee in sat/kvB
+DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE = 1000
 
 def fill_mempool(test_framework, node):
     """Fill mempool until eviction.

From 27b775586ebe702c6ac7fe022e2a42216aefea27 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 11 Aug 2025 16:50:58 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 05/19] [doc] assert that default min relay feerate and
 incremental are the same

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: d6213d6aa114aeed6804a585491d741386fd2739
---
 src/node/mempool_args.cpp | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/node/mempool_args.cpp b/src/node/mempool_args.cpp
index a488c1b1498..eceff59301b 100644
--- a/src/node/mempool_args.cpp
+++ b/src/node/mempool_args.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ util::Result<void> ApplyArgsManOptions(const ArgsManager& argsman, const CChainP
         }
     }
 
+    static_assert(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE == DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE);
     if (argsman.IsArgSet("-minrelaytxfee")) {
         if (std::optional<CAmount> min_relay_feerate = ParseMoney(argsman.GetArg("-minrelaytxfee", ""))) {
             // High fee check is done afterward in CWallet::Create()

From b7ba0167070c93e2c35b3cc1df2979c4a4a2464e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebastian Falbesoner <sebastian.falbesoner@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 21:55:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 06/19] test: add `BulkTransaction` helper to unit test
 transaction utils

The padding method used matches the one used in MiniWallet,
`MiniWallet._bulk_tx`.

Github-Pull: #30784
Rebased-From: ed7d2246661ec1789b7db0f21668270f0681ea4a
---
 src/test/util/transaction_utils.cpp | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/util/transaction_utils.h   |  4 ++++
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/test/util/transaction_utils.cpp b/src/test/util/transaction_utils.cpp
index 300caa577ca..5727da44440 100644
--- a/src/test/util/transaction_utils.cpp
+++ b/src/test/util/transaction_utils.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
 #include <coins.h>
+#include <consensus/validation.h>
 #include <script/signingprovider.h>
 #include <test/util/transaction_utils.h>
 
@@ -69,3 +70,23 @@ std::vector<CMutableTransaction> SetupDummyInputs(FillableSigningProvider& keyst
 
     return dummyTransactions;
 }
+
+void BulkTransaction(CMutableTransaction& tx, int32_t target_weight)
+{
+    tx.vout.emplace_back(0, CScript() << OP_RETURN);
+    auto unpadded_weight{GetTransactionWeight(CTransaction(tx))};
+    assert(target_weight >= unpadded_weight);
+
+    // determine number of needed padding bytes by converting weight difference to vbytes
+    auto dummy_vbytes = (target_weight - unpadded_weight + (WITNESS_SCALE_FACTOR - 1)) / WITNESS_SCALE_FACTOR;
+    // compensate for the increase of the compact-size encoded script length
+    // (note that the length encoding of the unpadded output script needs one byte)
+    dummy_vbytes -= GetSizeOfCompactSize(dummy_vbytes) - 1;
+
+    // pad transaction by repeatedly appending a dummy opcode to the output script
+    tx.vout[0].scriptPubKey.insert(tx.vout[0].scriptPubKey.end(), dummy_vbytes, OP_1);
+
+    // actual weight should be at most 3 higher than target weight
+    assert(GetTransactionWeight(CTransaction(tx)) >= target_weight);
+    assert(GetTransactionWeight(CTransaction(tx)) <= target_weight + 3);
+}
diff --git a/src/test/util/transaction_utils.h b/src/test/util/transaction_utils.h
index 6f2faeec6c2..80f2d1acbf7 100644
--- a/src/test/util/transaction_utils.h
+++ b/src/test/util/transaction_utils.h
@@ -26,4 +26,8 @@ CMutableTransaction BuildSpendingTransaction(const CScript& scriptSig, const CSc
 // the second nValues[2] and nValues[3] outputs paid to a TxoutType::PUBKEYHASH.
 std::vector<CMutableTransaction> SetupDummyInputs(FillableSigningProvider& keystoreRet, CCoinsViewCache& coinsRet, const std::array<CAmount,4>& nValues);
 
+// bulk transaction to reach a certain target weight,
+// by appending a single output with padded output script
+void BulkTransaction(CMutableTransaction& tx, int32_t target_weight);
+
 #endif // BITCOIN_TEST_UTIL_TRANSACTION_UTILS_H

From 08eeb0d3423cdfb6110794dd2bfdd5571459f751 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2025 13:32:38 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 07/19] [miner] lower default -blockmintxfee to 1sat/kvB

Back when we implemented coin age priority as a miner policy, miners
mempools might admit transactions paying very low fees, but then want to
set a higher fee for block inclusion. However, since coin age priority
was removed in v0.15, the block assembly policy is solely based on fees,
so we do not need to apply minimum feerate rules in multiple places. In
fact, the block assembly policy ignoring transactions that are added to
the mempool is likely undesirable as we waste resources accepting and
storing this transaction.

Instead, rely on mempool policy to enforce a minimum entry feerate to
the mempool (minrelaytxfee). Set the minimum block feerate to the
minimum non-zero amount (1sat/kvB) so it collects everything it finds in
mempool into the block.

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From:  5f2df0ef78be7b24798d0983c9b962740608f1f4
---
 src/policy/policy.h             | 2 +-
 src/test/miner_tests.cpp        | 4 ++++
 test/functional/mining_basic.py | 4 ++--
 3 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/policy/policy.h b/src/policy/policy.h
index a82488a28c9..4f77a607429 100644
--- a/src/policy/policy.h
+++ b/src/policy/policy.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class CScript;
 /** Default for -blockmaxweight, which controls the range of block weights the mining code will create **/
 static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_BLOCK_MAX_WEIGHT{MAX_BLOCK_WEIGHT - 4000};
 /** Default for -blockmintxfee, which sets the minimum feerate for a transaction in blocks created by mining code **/
-static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE{1000};
+static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE{1};
 /** The maximum weight for transactions we're willing to relay/mine */
 static constexpr int32_t MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT{400000};
 /** The minimum non-witness size for transactions we're willing to relay/mine: one larger than 64  */
diff --git a/src/test/miner_tests.cpp b/src/test/miner_tests.cpp
index c4cf6f8a400..f82e50553b8 100644
--- a/src/test/miner_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/miner_tests.cpp
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <node/miner.h>
 #include <policy/policy.h>
 #include <test/util/random.h>
+#include <test/util/transaction_utils.h>
 #include <test/util/txmempool.h>
 #include <txmempool.h>
 #include <uint256.h>
@@ -183,6 +184,9 @@ void MinerTestingSetup::TestPackageSelection(const CScript& scriptPubKey, const
     tx.vout.resize(2);
     tx.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000LL - 100000000;
     tx.vout[1].nValue = 100000000; // 1BTC output
+    // Increase size to avoid rounding errors: when the feerate is extremely small (i.e. 1sat/kvB), evaluating the fee
+    // at a smaller transaction size gives us a rounded value of 0.
+    BulkTransaction(tx, 4000);
     Txid hashFreeTx2 = tx.GetHash();
     tx_mempool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(0).SpendsCoinbase(true).FromTx(tx));
 
diff --git a/test/functional/mining_basic.py b/test/functional/mining_basic.py
index 02d3480dd35..ad67d770461 100755
--- a/test/functional/mining_basic.py
+++ b/test/functional/mining_basic.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ MAX_FUTURE_BLOCK_TIME = 2 * 3600
 MAX_TIMEWARP = 600
 VERSIONBITS_TOP_BITS = 0x20000000
 VERSIONBITS_DEPLOYMENT_TESTDUMMY_BIT = 28
-DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE = 1000  # default `-blockmintxfee` setting [sat/kvB]
+DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE = 1 # default `-blockmintxfee` setting [sat/kvB]
 
 
 def assert_template(node, block, expect, rehash=True):
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class MiningTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         node = self.nodes[0]
 
         # test default (no parameter), zero and a bunch of arbitrary blockmintxfee rates [sat/kvB]
-        for blockmintxfee_sat_kvb in (DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE, 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 2500, 5000, 21000, 333333, 2500000):
+        for blockmintxfee_sat_kvb in (DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE, 0, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000, 21000, 333333, 2500000):
             blockmintxfee_btc_kvb = blockmintxfee_sat_kvb / Decimal(COIN)
             if blockmintxfee_sat_kvb == DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE:
                 self.log.info(f"-> Default -blockmintxfee setting ({blockmintxfee_sat_kvb} sat/kvB)...")

From a60281526b337047f4dd034496341f1c52ab63ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MarcoFalke <*~=`'#}+{/-|&$^_@721217.xyz>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 10:00:24 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 08/19] test: Refactor fill_mempool to extract send_batch
 helper

This is needed for the next commit

Github-Pull: #30948
Rebased-From: fa48be6f0233cfbd5c1eab7b832c913912062fa5
---
 test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py | 13 ++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
index 9c514a7d548..791a649c5a4 100644
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
@@ -61,18 +61,21 @@ def fill_mempool(test_framework, node):
     tx_to_be_evicted_id = ephemeral_miniwallet.send_self_transfer(
         from_node=node, utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxos.pop(0), fee_rate=relayfee)["txid"]
 
+    def send_batch(fee):
+        utxos = confirmed_utxos[:tx_batch_size]
+        create_lots_of_big_transactions(ephemeral_miniwallet, node, fee, tx_batch_size, txouts, utxos)
+        del confirmed_utxos[:tx_batch_size]
+
     # Increase the tx fee rate to give the subsequent transactions a higher priority in the mempool
     # The tx has an approx. vsize of 65k, i.e. multiplying the previous fee rate (in sats/kvB)
     # by 130 should result in a fee that corresponds to 2x of that fee rate
     base_fee = relayfee * 130
+    batch_fees = [(i + 1) * base_fee for i in range(num_of_batches)]
 
     test_framework.log.debug("Fill up the mempool with txs with higher fee rate")
     with node.assert_debug_log(["rolling minimum fee bumped"]):
-        for batch_of_txid in range(num_of_batches):
-            fee = (batch_of_txid + 1) * base_fee
-            utxos = confirmed_utxos[:tx_batch_size]
-            create_lots_of_big_transactions(ephemeral_miniwallet, node, fee, tx_batch_size, txouts, utxos)
-            del confirmed_utxos[:tx_batch_size]
+        for fee in batch_fees:
+            send_batch(fee)
 
     test_framework.log.debug("The tx should be evicted by now")
     # The number of transactions created should be greater than the ones present in the mempool

From f7dde40c70f16800048ee6731ff1069f2ec1b437 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MarcoFalke <*~=`'#}+{/-|&$^_@721217.xyz>
Date: Mon, 23 Sep 2024 09:45:41 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 09/19] test: Add missing sync_mempools() to fill_mempool()

Also disable the function, when it is not needed.

Github-Pull: #30948
Rebased-From: faf801515f8fcd11a3454105cab66c38f6f240fe
---
 test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py         |  2 +-
 test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py            |  3 ---
 test/functional/p2p_tx_download.py             |  2 +-
 test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py | 17 +++++++++--------
 4 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py b/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py
index 9b4269f0a0e..acf51796f69 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ class PackageRBFTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.generate(node, 1)
 
     def test_child_conflicts_parent_mempool_ancestor(self):
-        fill_mempool(self, self.nodes[0])
+        fill_mempool(self, self.nodes[0], tx_sync_fun=self.no_op)
         # Reset coins since we filled the mempool with current coins
         self.coins = self.wallet.get_utxos(mark_as_spent=False, confirmed_only=True)
 
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py b/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py
index c3cdb3e0b31..c4c68e63853 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py
@@ -49,9 +49,6 @@ class PackageRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
     def raise_network_minfee(self):
         fill_mempool(self, self.nodes[0])
 
-        self.log.debug("Wait for the network to sync mempools")
-        self.sync_mempools()
-
         self.log.debug("Check that all nodes' mempool minimum feerates are above min relay feerate")
         for node in self.nodes:
             assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], FEERATE_1SAT_VB)
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_tx_download.py b/test/functional/p2p_tx_download.py
index 11b4d9cc3b8..0c4571738b5 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_tx_download.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_tx_download.py
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ class TxDownloadTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
     def test_rejects_filter_reset(self):
         self.log.info('Check that rejected tx is not requested again')
         node = self.nodes[0]
-        fill_mempool(self, node)
+        fill_mempool(self, node, tx_sync_fun=self.no_op)
         self.wallet.rescan_utxos()
         mempoolminfee = node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee']
         peer = node.add_p2p_connection(TestP2PConn())
diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
index 791a649c5a4..4932036b977 100644
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
@@ -23,14 +23,11 @@ DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = 1000
 # Default for -incrementalrelayfee in sat/kvB
 DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE = 1000
 
-def fill_mempool(test_framework, node):
+def fill_mempool(test_framework, node, *, tx_sync_fun=None):
     """Fill mempool until eviction.
 
     Allows for simpler testing of scenarios with floating mempoolminfee > minrelay
-    Requires -datacarriersize=100000 and
-   -maxmempool=5.
-    It will not ensure mempools become synced as it
-    is based on a single node and assumes -minrelaytxfee
+    Requires -datacarriersize=100000 and -maxmempool=5 and assumes -minrelaytxfee
     is 1 sat/vbyte.
     To avoid unintentional tx dependencies, the mempool filling txs are created with a
     tagged ephemeral miniwallet instance.
@@ -73,9 +70,13 @@ def fill_mempool(test_framework, node):
     batch_fees = [(i + 1) * base_fee for i in range(num_of_batches)]
 
     test_framework.log.debug("Fill up the mempool with txs with higher fee rate")
-    with node.assert_debug_log(["rolling minimum fee bumped"]):
-        for fee in batch_fees:
-            send_batch(fee)
+    for fee in batch_fees[:-3]:
+        send_batch(fee)
+    tx_sync_fun() if tx_sync_fun else test_framework.sync_mempools()  # sync before any eviction
+    assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"], Decimal("0.00001000"))
+    for fee in batch_fees[-3:]:
+        send_batch(fee)
+    tx_sync_fun() if tx_sync_fun else test_framework.sync_mempools()  # sync after all evictions
 
     test_framework.log.debug("The tx should be evicted by now")
     # The number of transactions created should be greater than the ones present in the mempool

From 4d809efeb980aa76693c7cda179ae91e3deb4c57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2025 14:08:06 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 10/19] [prep/test] replace magic number 1000 with respective
 feerate vars

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: 3eab8b724044dc321f70e5eed66b149713158a04
---
 src/test/mempool_tests.cpp                     | 16 ++++++++--------
 test/functional/mempool_limit.py               |  9 +++------
 test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py | 15 ++++++---------
 3 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp b/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp
index 9f8d434213b..32f5b677c62 100644
--- a/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     BOOST_CHECK(!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx3.GetHash())));
 
     CFeeRate maxFeeRateRemoved(25000, GetVirtualTransactionSize(CTransaction(tx3)) + GetVirtualTransactionSize(CTransaction(tx2)));
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + 1000);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE);
 
     CMutableTransaction tx4 = CMutableTransaction();
     tx4.vin.resize(2);
@@ -559,28 +559,28 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     std::vector<CTransactionRef> vtx;
     SetMockTime(42);
     SetMockTime(42 + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + 1000);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE);
     // ... we should keep the same min fee until we get a block
     pool.removeForBlock(vtx, 1);
     SetMockTime(42 + 2*CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), llround((maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + 1000)/2.0));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), llround((maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE)/2.0));
     // ... then feerate should drop 1/2 each halflife
 
     SetMockTime(42 + 2*CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/2);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() * 5 / 2).GetFeePerK(), llround((maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + 1000)/4.0));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() * 5 / 2).GetFeePerK(), llround((maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE)/4.0));
     // ... with a 1/2 halflife when mempool is < 1/2 its target size
 
     SetMockTime(42 + 2*CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/2 + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/4);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() * 9 / 2).GetFeePerK(), llround((maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + 1000)/8.0));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() * 9 / 2).GetFeePerK(), llround((maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE)/8.0));
     // ... with a 1/4 halflife when mempool is < 1/4 its target size
 
     SetMockTime(42 + 7*CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/2 + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/4);
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), 1000);
-    // ... but feerate should never drop below 1000
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE);
+    // ... but feerate should never drop below DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE
 
     SetMockTime(42 + 8*CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/2 + CTxMemPool::ROLLING_FEE_HALFLIFE/4);
     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), 0);
-    // ... unless it has gone all the way to 0 (after getting past 1000/2)
+    // ... unless it has gone all the way to 0 (after getting past DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE/2)
 }
 
 inline CTransactionRef make_tx(std::vector<CAmount>&& output_values, std::vector<CTransactionRef>&& inputs=std::vector<CTransactionRef>(), std::vector<uint32_t>&& input_indices=std::vector<uint32_t>())
diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_limit.py b/test/functional/mempool_limit.py
index 626928a49a9..616eef699b9 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_limit.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_limit.py
@@ -92,8 +92,7 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.restart_node(0, extra_args=self.extra_args[0])
 
         # Restarting the node resets mempool minimum feerate
-        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
-        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
+        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"])
 
         fill_mempool(self, node)
         current_info = node.getmempoolinfo()
@@ -182,8 +181,7 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.restart_node(0, extra_args=self.extra_args[0])
 
         # Restarting the node resets mempool minimum feerate
-        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
-        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
+        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"])
 
         fill_mempool(self, node)
         current_info = node.getmempoolinfo()
@@ -256,8 +254,7 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
         relayfee = node.getnetworkinfo()['relayfee']
         self.log.info('Check that mempoolminfee is minrelaytxfee')
-        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
-        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
+        assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"])
 
         fill_mempool(self, node)
 
diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
index 4932036b977..46bc0b465d5 100644
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 """Helpful routines for mempool testing."""
-from decimal import Decimal
 
 from .blocktools import (
     COINBASE_MATURITY,
@@ -34,9 +33,7 @@ def fill_mempool(test_framework, node, *, tx_sync_fun=None):
     """
     test_framework.log.info("Fill the mempool until eviction is triggered and the mempoolminfee rises")
     txouts = gen_return_txouts()
-    relayfee = node.getnetworkinfo()['relayfee']
-
-    assert_equal(relayfee, Decimal('0.00001000'))
+    minrelayfee = node.getnetworkinfo()['relayfee']
 
     tx_batch_size = 1
     num_of_batches = 75
@@ -56,7 +53,7 @@ def fill_mempool(test_framework, node, *, tx_sync_fun=None):
 
     test_framework.log.debug("Create a mempool tx that will be evicted")
     tx_to_be_evicted_id = ephemeral_miniwallet.send_self_transfer(
-        from_node=node, utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxos.pop(0), fee_rate=relayfee)["txid"]
+        from_node=node, utxo_to_spend=confirmed_utxos.pop(0), fee_rate=minrelayfee)["txid"]
 
     def send_batch(fee):
         utxos = confirmed_utxos[:tx_batch_size]
@@ -66,14 +63,14 @@ def fill_mempool(test_framework, node, *, tx_sync_fun=None):
     # Increase the tx fee rate to give the subsequent transactions a higher priority in the mempool
     # The tx has an approx. vsize of 65k, i.e. multiplying the previous fee rate (in sats/kvB)
     # by 130 should result in a fee that corresponds to 2x of that fee rate
-    base_fee = relayfee * 130
+    base_fee = minrelayfee * 130
     batch_fees = [(i + 1) * base_fee for i in range(num_of_batches)]
 
     test_framework.log.debug("Fill up the mempool with txs with higher fee rate")
     for fee in batch_fees[:-3]:
         send_batch(fee)
     tx_sync_fun() if tx_sync_fun else test_framework.sync_mempools()  # sync before any eviction
-    assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"], Decimal("0.00001000"))
+    assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"], minrelayfee)
     for fee in batch_fees[-3:]:
         send_batch(fee)
     tx_sync_fun() if tx_sync_fun else test_framework.sync_mempools()  # sync after all evictions
@@ -85,5 +82,5 @@ def fill_mempool(test_framework, node, *, tx_sync_fun=None):
     assert tx_to_be_evicted_id not in node.getrawmempool()
 
     test_framework.log.debug("Check that mempoolminfee is larger than minrelaytxfee")
-    assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
-    assert_greater_than(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], Decimal('0.00001000'))
+    assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], minrelayfee)
+    assert_greater_than(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], minrelayfee)

From f25fc092abe71d870c721b766dabdfe4223fafb4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 15:48:34 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 11/19] [prep/util] help MockMempoolMinFee handle more precise
 feerates

Use a virtual size of 1000 to keep precision when using a feerate
(which is rounded to the nearest satoshi per kvb) that isn't just an
integer.

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: 457cfb61b5323a13218b3cfb5a6a6d8b3a7c5f7f
---
 src/test/util/setup_common.cpp | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/test/util/setup_common.cpp b/src/test/util/setup_common.cpp
index 62ff61b227d..cd937b2fb4b 100644
--- a/src/test/util/setup_common.cpp
+++ b/src/test/util/setup_common.cpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include <streams.h>
 #include <test/util/net.h>
 #include <test/util/random.h>
+#include <test/util/transaction_utils.h>
 #include <test/util/txmempool.h>
 #include <txdb.h>
 #include <txmempool.h>
@@ -582,6 +583,9 @@ void TestChain100Setup::MockMempoolMinFee(const CFeeRate& target_feerate)
     CMutableTransaction mtx = CMutableTransaction();
     mtx.vin.emplace_back(COutPoint{Txid::FromUint256(g_insecure_rand_ctx.rand256()), 0});
     mtx.vout.emplace_back(1 * COIN, GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV0ScriptHash(CScript() << OP_TRUE)));
+    // Set a large size so that the fee evaluated at target_feerate (which is usually in sats/kvB) is an integer.
+    // Otherwise, GetMinFee() may end up slightly different from target_feerate.
+    BulkTransaction(mtx, 4000);
     const auto tx{MakeTransactionRef(mtx)};
     LockPoints lp;
     // The new mempool min feerate is equal to the removed package's feerate + incremental feerate.

From a02e0a401ceae2f2242c364164df828b51d9cdd4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 15:55:07 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 12/19] [prep/test] make wallet_fundrawtransaction's
 minrelaytxfee assumption explicit

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: 2e515d2897eaa5a9b012eb78aef105e1cf80d42b
---
 test/functional/wallet_fundrawtransaction.py | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/functional/wallet_fundrawtransaction.py b/test/functional/wallet_fundrawtransaction.py
index 827f27b431c..2819147f4f0 100755
--- a/test/functional/wallet_fundrawtransaction.py
+++ b/test/functional/wallet_fundrawtransaction.py
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
     def set_test_params(self):
         self.num_nodes = 4
+        self.extra_args = [[
+            "-minrelaytxfee=0.00001000",
+        ] for i in range(self.num_nodes)]
         self.setup_clean_chain = True
         # whitelist peers to speed up tx relay / mempool sync
         self.noban_tx_relay = True

From 66559d1a4af5f5a4d7e311d0ab8e0c1e3c9e2d4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2025 14:37:16 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 13/19] [policy] lower default minrelaytxfee and
 incrementalrelayfee to 100sat/kvB

Let's say an attacker wants to use/exhaust the network's bandwidth, and
has the choice between renting resources from a commercial provider and
getting the network to "spam" itself it by sending unconfirmed
transactions. We'd like the latter to be more expensive than the former.

The bandwidth for relaying a transaction across the network is roughly
its serialized size (plus relay overhead) x number of nodes. A 1000vB
transaction is 1000-4000B serialized. With 100k nodes, that's 0.1-0.4GB
If the going rate for commercial services is 10c/GB, that's like 1-4c per kvB
of transaction data, so a 1000vB transaction should pay at least $0.04.

At a price of 120k USD/BTC, 100sat is about $0.12. This price allows us
to tolerate a large decrease in the conversion rate or increase in the
number of nodes.

Github-Pull: #33106
Rebased-From: 6da5de58cabc4133c379baa50845e30e5bc6b3e4
---
 src/policy/policy.h                           |  4 ++--
 src/test/mempool_tests.cpp                    | 24 +++++++++----------
 src/test/rbf_tests.cpp                        |  8 +++----
 test/functional/feature_rbf.py                |  2 +-
 test/functional/mempool_limit.py              | 10 ++++----
 test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py        |  9 +++----
 test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py           | 17 +++++++------
 test/functional/p2p_ibd_txrelay.py            |  8 +++----
 test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py     |  8 ++++---
 .../functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py |  6 ++---
 test/functional/wallet_bumpfee.py             |  4 ++--
 11 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/policy/policy.h b/src/policy/policy.h
index 4f77a607429..94da3c1af54 100644
--- a/src/policy/policy.h
+++ b/src/policy/policy.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ static constexpr unsigned int MAX_P2SH_SIGOPS{15};
 /** The maximum number of sigops we're willing to relay/mine in a single tx */
 static constexpr unsigned int MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIGOPS_COST{MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS_COST/5};
 /** Default for -incrementalrelayfee, which sets the minimum feerate increase for mempool limiting or replacement **/
-static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE{1000};
+static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE{100};
 /** Default for -bytespersigop */
 static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_BYTES_PER_SIGOP{20};
 /** Default for -permitbaremultisig */
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ static constexpr unsigned int MAX_STANDARD_SCRIPTSIG_SIZE{1650};
  * outputs below the new threshold */
 static constexpr unsigned int DUST_RELAY_TX_FEE{3000};
 /** Default for -minrelaytxfee, minimum relay fee for transactions */
-static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE{1000};
+static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE{100};
 /** Default for -limitancestorcount, max number of in-mempool ancestors */
 static constexpr unsigned int DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_LIMIT{25};
 /** Default for -limitancestorsize, maximum kilobytes of tx + all in-mempool ancestors */
diff --git a/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp b/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp
index 32f5b677c62..9e6136bc9f4 100644
--- a/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/mempool_tests.cpp
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     tx1.vout.resize(1);
     tx1.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_1 << OP_EQUAL;
     tx1.vout[0].nValue = 10 * COIN;
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(10000LL).FromTx(tx1));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(1000LL).FromTx(tx1));
 
     CMutableTransaction tx2 = CMutableTransaction();
     tx2.vin.resize(1);
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     tx2.vout.resize(1);
     tx2.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_2 << OP_EQUAL;
     tx2.vout[0].nValue = 10 * COIN;
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(5000LL).FromTx(tx2));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(500LL).FromTx(tx2));
 
     pool.TrimToSize(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage()); // should do nothing
     BOOST_CHECK(pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx1.GetHash())));
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     tx3.vout.resize(1);
     tx3.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_3 << OP_EQUAL;
     tx3.vout[0].nValue = 10 * COIN;
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(20000LL).FromTx(tx3));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(2000LL).FromTx(tx3));
 
     pool.TrimToSize(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() * 3 / 4); // tx3 should pay for tx2 (CPFP)
     BOOST_CHECK(!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx1.GetHash())));
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     BOOST_CHECK(!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx2.GetHash())));
     BOOST_CHECK(!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx3.GetHash())));
 
-    CFeeRate maxFeeRateRemoved(25000, GetVirtualTransactionSize(CTransaction(tx3)) + GetVirtualTransactionSize(CTransaction(tx2)));
+    CFeeRate maxFeeRateRemoved(2500, GetVirtualTransactionSize(CTransaction(tx3)) + GetVirtualTransactionSize(CTransaction(tx2)));
     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(pool.GetMinFee(1).GetFeePerK(), maxFeeRateRemoved.GetFeePerK() + DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE);
 
     CMutableTransaction tx4 = CMutableTransaction();
@@ -532,10 +532,10 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     tx7.vout[1].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_7 << OP_EQUAL;
     tx7.vout[1].nValue = 10 * COIN;
 
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(7000LL).FromTx(tx4));
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(1000LL).FromTx(tx5));
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(1100LL).FromTx(tx6));
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(9000LL).FromTx(tx7));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(700LL).FromTx(tx4));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(100LL).FromTx(tx5));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(110LL).FromTx(tx6));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(900LL).FromTx(tx7));
 
     // we only require this to remove, at max, 2 txn, because it's not clear what we're really optimizing for aside from that
     pool.TrimToSize(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() - 1);
@@ -544,8 +544,8 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     BOOST_CHECK(!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx7.GetHash())));
 
     if (!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx5.GetHash())))
-        pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(1000LL).FromTx(tx5));
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(9000LL).FromTx(tx7));
+        pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(100LL).FromTx(tx5));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(900LL).FromTx(tx7));
 
     pool.TrimToSize(pool.DynamicMemoryUsage() / 2); // should maximize mempool size by only removing 5/7
     BOOST_CHECK(pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx4.GetHash())));
@@ -553,8 +553,8 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(MempoolSizeLimitTest)
     BOOST_CHECK(pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx6.GetHash())));
     BOOST_CHECK(!pool.exists(GenTxid::Txid(tx7.GetHash())));
 
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(1000LL).FromTx(tx5));
-    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(9000LL).FromTx(tx7));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(100LL).FromTx(tx5));
+    pool.addUnchecked(entry.Fee(900LL).FromTx(tx7));
 
     std::vector<CTransactionRef> vtx;
     SetMockTime(42);
diff --git a/src/test/rbf_tests.cpp b/src/test/rbf_tests.cpp
index 19e45c550a0..66da3a71e91 100644
--- a/src/test/rbf_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/rbf_tests.cpp
@@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(rbf_helper_functions, TestChain100Setup)
     BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee - 1, 1, CFeeRate(0), unused_txid).has_value());
     BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee + 1, high_fee, 1, CFeeRate(0), unused_txid).has_value());
     // Additional fees must cover the replacement's vsize at incremental relay fee
-    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 1, 2, incremental_relay_feerate, unused_txid).has_value());
-    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 2, 2, incremental_relay_feerate, unused_txid) == std::nullopt);
-    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 2, 2, higher_relay_feerate, unused_txid).has_value());
-    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 4, 2, higher_relay_feerate, unused_txid) == std::nullopt);
+    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 1, 11, incremental_relay_feerate, unused_txid).has_value());
+    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 1, 10, incremental_relay_feerate, unused_txid) == std::nullopt);
+    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 2, 11, higher_relay_feerate, unused_txid).has_value());
+    BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(high_fee, high_fee + 4, 20, higher_relay_feerate, unused_txid) == std::nullopt);
     BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(low_fee, high_fee, 99999999, incremental_relay_feerate, unused_txid).has_value());
     BOOST_CHECK(PaysForRBF(low_fee, high_fee + 99999999, 99999999, incremental_relay_feerate, unused_txid) == std::nullopt);
 
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_rbf.py b/test/functional/feature_rbf.py
index f16be68fcc4..18c52c102d8 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_rbf.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_rbf.py
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ class ReplaceByFeeTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
         # Higher fee, higher feerate, different txid, but the replacement does not provide a relay
         # fee conforming to node's `incrementalrelayfee` policy of 1000 sat per KB.
-        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getmempoolinfo()["incrementalrelayfee"], Decimal("0.00001"))
+        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getmempoolinfo()["incrementalrelayfee"], Decimal("0.000001"))
         tx.vout[0].nValue -= 1
         assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, "insufficient fee", self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, tx.serialize().hex())
 
diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_limit.py b/test/functional/mempool_limit.py
index 616eef699b9..fa49af2c95f 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_limit.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_limit.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         # coin is no longer available, but the cache could still contains the tx.
         cpfp_parent = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(
             utxo_to_spend=mempool_evicted_tx["new_utxo"],
-            fee_rate=mempoolmin_feerate - Decimal('0.00001'),
+            fee_rate=mempoolmin_feerate / 2,
             confirmed_only=True)
         package_hex.append(cpfp_parent["hex"])
         parent_utxos.append(cpfp_parent["new_utxo"])
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         # Specific number of satoshis to fit within a small window. The parent_cpfp + child package needs to be
         # - When there is mid-package eviction, high enough feerate to meet the new mempoolminfee
         # - When there is no mid-package eviction, low enough feerate to be evicted immediately after submission.
-        magic_satoshis = 1200
+        magic_satoshis = 120
         cpfp_satoshis = int(cpfp_fee * COIN) + magic_satoshis
 
         child = self.wallet.create_self_transfer_multi(utxos_to_spend=parent_utxos, fee_per_output=cpfp_satoshis)
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         # coin is no longer available, but the cache could still contain the tx.
         cpfp_parent = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(
             utxo_to_spend=replaced_tx["new_utxo"],
-            fee_rate=mempoolmin_feerate - Decimal('0.00001'),
+            fee_rate=mempoolmin_feerate - Decimal('0.000001'),
             confirmed_only=True)
 
         self.wallet.rescan_utxos()
@@ -311,9 +311,9 @@ class MempoolLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         target_weight_each = 200000
         assert_greater_than(target_weight_each * 2, node.getmempoolinfo()["maxmempool"] - node.getmempoolinfo()["bytes"])
         # Should be a true CPFP: parent's feerate is just below mempool min feerate
-        parent_feerate = mempoolmin_feerate - Decimal("0.000001")  # 0.1 sats/vbyte below min feerate
+        parent_feerate = mempoolmin_feerate - Decimal("0.0000001")  # 0.01 sats/vbyte below min feerate
         # Parent + child is above mempool minimum feerate
-        child_feerate = (worst_feerate_btcvb * 1000) - Decimal("0.000001")  # 0.1 sats/vbyte below worst feerate
+        child_feerate = (worst_feerate_btcvb * 1000) - Decimal("0.0000001")  # 0.01 sats/vbyte below worst feerate
         # However, when eviction is triggered, these transactions should be at the bottom.
         # This assertion assumes parent and child are the same size.
         miniwallet.rescan_utxos()
diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py b/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py
index acf51796f69..6cddfbed7a7 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_package_rbf.py
@@ -170,13 +170,13 @@ class PackageRBFTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.log.info("Check replacement pays for incremental bandwidth")
         _, placeholder_txns3 = self.create_simple_package(coin)
         package_3_size = sum([tx.get_vsize() for tx in placeholder_txns3])
-        incremental_sats_required = Decimal(package_3_size) / COIN
-        incremental_sats_short = incremental_sats_required - Decimal("0.00000001")
+        incremental_sats_required = (Decimal(package_3_size * 0.1) / COIN).quantize(Decimal("0.00000001"))
+        incremental_sats_short = incremental_sats_required - Decimal("0.00000005")
         # Recreate the package with slightly higher fee once we know the size of the new package, but still short of required fee
         failure_package_hex3, failure_package_txns3 = self.create_simple_package(coin, parent_fee=DEFAULT_FEE, child_fee=DEFAULT_CHILD_FEE + incremental_sats_short)
         assert_equal(package_3_size, sum([tx.get_vsize() for tx in failure_package_txns3]))
         pkg_results3 = node.submitpackage(failure_package_hex3)
-        assert_equal(f"package RBF failed: insufficient anti-DoS fees, rejecting replacement {failure_package_txns3[1].rehash()}, not enough additional fees to relay; {incremental_sats_short} < {incremental_sats_required}", pkg_results3["package_msg"])
+        assert_equal(f"package RBF failed: insufficient anti-DoS fees, rejecting replacement {failure_package_txns3[1].rehash()}, not enough additional fees to relay; {incremental_sats_short:.8f} < {incremental_sats_required:.8f}", pkg_results3["package_msg"])
         self.assert_mempool_contents(expected=package_txns1)
 
         success_package_hex3, success_package_txns3 = self.create_simple_package(coin, parent_fee=DEFAULT_FEE, child_fee=DEFAULT_CHILD_FEE + incremental_sats_required)
@@ -570,12 +570,13 @@ class PackageRBFTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         )
 
         node.sendrawtransaction(grandparent_result["hex"])
+        minrelayfeerate = node.getnetworkinfo()["relayfee"]
 
         # Now make package of two descendants that looks
         # like a cpfp where the parent can't get in on its own
         self.ctr += 1
         parent_result = self.wallet.create_self_transfer(
-            fee_rate=Decimal('0.00001000'),
+            fee_rate=minrelayfeerate,
             utxo_to_spend=grandparent_result["new_utxo"],
             sequence=MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE - self.ctr,
         )
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py b/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py
index c4c68e63853..9e5e7dc97ca 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_1p1c_network.py
@@ -13,9 +13,11 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 from math import ceil
 
 from test_framework.mempool_util import (
+    DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE,
     fill_mempool,
 )
 from test_framework.messages import (
+    COIN,
     msg_tx,
 )
 from test_framework.p2p import (
@@ -31,9 +33,6 @@ from test_framework.wallet import (
     MiniWalletMode,
 )
 
-# 1sat/vB feerate denominated in BTC/KvB
-FEERATE_1SAT_VB = Decimal("0.00001000")
-
 class PackageRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
     def set_test_params(self):
         self.setup_clean_chain = True
@@ -51,12 +50,12 @@ class PackageRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
         self.log.debug("Check that all nodes' mempool minimum feerates are above min relay feerate")
         for node in self.nodes:
-            assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], FEERATE_1SAT_VB)
-            assert_greater_than(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], FEERATE_1SAT_VB)
+            assert_equal(node.getmempoolinfo()['minrelaytxfee'], Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN)
+            assert_greater_than(node.getmempoolinfo()['mempoolminfee'], Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN)
 
     def create_basic_1p1c(self, wallet):
-        low_fee_parent = wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=FEERATE_1SAT_VB, confirmed_only=True)
-        high_fee_child = wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=low_fee_parent["new_utxo"], fee_rate=999*FEERATE_1SAT_VB)
+        low_fee_parent = wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN, confirmed_only=True)
+        high_fee_child = wallet.create_self_transfer(utxo_to_spend=low_fee_parent["new_utxo"], fee_rate=999*Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE)/ COIN)
         package_hex_basic = [low_fee_parent["hex"], high_fee_child["hex"]]
         return package_hex_basic, low_fee_parent["tx"], high_fee_child["tx"]
 
@@ -87,8 +86,8 @@ class PackageRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         return [low_fee_parent_2outs["hex"], high_fee_child_2outs["hex"]], low_fee_parent_2outs["tx"], high_fee_child_2outs["tx"]
 
     def create_package_2p1c(self, wallet):
-        parent1 = wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=FEERATE_1SAT_VB*10, confirmed_only=True)
-        parent2 = wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=FEERATE_1SAT_VB*20, confirmed_only=True)
+        parent1 = wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN * 10, confirmed_only=True)
+        parent2 = wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN * 20, confirmed_only=True)
         child = wallet.create_self_transfer_multi(
             utxos_to_spend=[parent1["new_utxo"], parent2["new_utxo"]],
             fee_per_output=999*parent1["tx"].get_vsize(),
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_ibd_txrelay.py b/test/functional/p2p_ibd_txrelay.py
index 882f5b5c134..8ba96cd7057 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_ibd_txrelay.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_ibd_txrelay.py
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ from test_framework.p2p import (
 )
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 
-MAX_FEE_FILTER = Decimal(9170997) / COIN
-NORMAL_FEE_FILTER = Decimal(100) / COIN
+MAX_FEE_FILTER = Decimal(9936506) / COIN
+NORMAL_FEE_FILTER = Decimal(10) / COIN
 
 
 class P2PIBDTxRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ class P2PIBDTxRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.setup_clean_chain = True
         self.num_nodes = 2
         self.extra_args = [
-            ["-minrelaytxfee={}".format(NORMAL_FEE_FILTER)],
-            ["-minrelaytxfee={}".format(NORMAL_FEE_FILTER)],
+            ["-minrelaytxfee={:.8f}".format(NORMAL_FEE_FILTER)],
+            ["-minrelaytxfee={:.8f}".format(NORMAL_FEE_FILTER)],
         ]
 
     def run_test(self):
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py b/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py
index 4477046c8d6..4e95d0e0c3d 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py
@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@ Test opportunistic 1p1c package submission logic.
 from decimal import Decimal
 import time
 from test_framework.mempool_util import (
+    DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE,
     fill_mempool,
 )
 from test_framework.messages import (
     CInv,
+    COIN,
     CTxInWitness,
     MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE,
     MSG_WTX,
@@ -65,13 +67,13 @@ class PackageRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.supports_cli = False
 
     def create_tx_below_mempoolminfee(self, wallet):
-        """Create a 1-input 1sat/vB transaction using a confirmed UTXO. Decrement and use
+        """Create a 1-input 0.1sat/vB transaction using a confirmed UTXO. Decrement and use
         self.sequence so that subsequent calls to this function result in unique transactions."""
 
         self.sequence -= 1
-        assert_greater_than(self.nodes[0].getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"], FEERATE_1SAT_VB)
+        assert_greater_than(self.nodes[0].getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"], Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN)
 
-        return wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=FEERATE_1SAT_VB, sequence=self.sequence, confirmed_only=True)
+        return wallet.create_self_transfer(fee_rate=Decimal(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE) / COIN, sequence=self.sequence, confirmed_only=True)
 
     @cleanup
     def test_basic_child_then_parent(self):
diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
index 46bc0b465d5..ae8dcf4fcbb 100644
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/mempool_util.py
@@ -18,16 +18,16 @@ from .wallet import (
 )
 
 # Default for -minrelaytxfee in sat/kvB
-DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = 1000
+DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = 100
 # Default for -incrementalrelayfee in sat/kvB
-DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE = 1000
+DEFAULT_INCREMENTAL_RELAY_FEE = 100
 
 def fill_mempool(test_framework, node, *, tx_sync_fun=None):
     """Fill mempool until eviction.
 
     Allows for simpler testing of scenarios with floating mempoolminfee > minrelay
     Requires -datacarriersize=100000 and -maxmempool=5 and assumes -minrelaytxfee
-    is 1 sat/vbyte.
+    is 100 sat/kvB.
     To avoid unintentional tx dependencies, the mempool filling txs are created with a
     tagged ephemeral miniwallet instance.
     """
diff --git a/test/functional/wallet_bumpfee.py b/test/functional/wallet_bumpfee.py
index 061e9f2caa1..9cec77fb184 100755
--- a/test/functional/wallet_bumpfee.py
+++ b/test/functional/wallet_bumpfee.py
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ def test_dust_to_fee(self, rbf_node, dest_address):
 
 def test_settxfee(self, rbf_node, dest_address):
     self.log.info('Test settxfee')
-    assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, "txfee cannot be less than min relay tx fee", rbf_node.settxfee, Decimal('0.000005'))
+    assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, "txfee cannot be less than min relay tx fee", rbf_node.settxfee, Decimal('0.0000005'))
     assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, "txfee cannot be less than wallet min fee", rbf_node.settxfee, Decimal('0.000015'))
     # check that bumpfee reacts correctly to the use of settxfee (paytxfee)
     rbfid = spend_one_input(rbf_node, dest_address)
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ def test_bumpfee_with_feerate_ignores_walletincrementalrelayfee(self, rbf_node,
 
     # Ensure you can not fee bump if the fee_rate is more than original fee_rate but the total fee from new fee_rate is
     # less than (original fee + incrementalrelayfee)
-    assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, "Insufficient total fee", rbf_node.bumpfee, tx["txid"], {"fee_rate": 2.8})
+    assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, "Insufficient total fee", rbf_node.bumpfee, tx["txid"], {"fee_rate": 2.05})
 
     # You can fee bump as long as the new fee set from fee_rate is at least (original fee + incrementalrelayfee)
     rbf_node.bumpfee(tx["txid"], {"fee_rate": 3})

From 6ede736da10fd5f389054f5301a84adf57849527 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebastian Falbesoner <sebastian.falbesoner@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 16 May 2024 16:17:05 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 14/19] test: complete BDB parser (handle internal/overflow
 pages, support all page sizes)

This aims to complete our test framework BDB parser to reflect
our read-only BDB parser in the wallet codebase. This could be
useful both for making review of #26606 easier and to also possibly
improve our functional tests for the BDB parser by comparing with
an alternative implementation.

Github-Pull: #30125
Rebased-From: 01ddd9f646a5329a92341bb216f3757fa97c0709
---
 test/functional/test_framework/bdb.py | 131 +++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 95 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)

diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/bdb.py b/test/functional/test_framework/bdb.py
index 41886c09fd4..73a1ff83e4a 100644
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/bdb.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/bdb.py
@@ -6,20 +6,18 @@
 Utilities for working directly with the wallet's BDB database file
 
 This is specific to the configuration of BDB used in this project:
-    - pagesize: 4096 bytes
     - Outer database contains single subdatabase named 'main'
     - btree
-    - btree leaf pages
+    - btree internal, leaf and overflow pages
 
-Each key-value pair is two entries in a btree leaf. The first is the key, the one that follows
+Each key-value pair is two entries in a btree leaf, which optionally refers to overflow pages
+if the data doesn't fit into a single page. The first entry is the key, the one that follows
 is the value. And so on. Note that the entry data is itself not in the correct order. Instead
 entry offsets are stored in the correct order and those offsets are needed to then retrieve
-the data itself.
+the data itself. Note that this implementation currently only supports reading databases that
+are in the same endianness as the host.
 
 Page format can be found in BDB source code dbinc/db_page.h
-This only implements the deserialization of btree metadata pages and normal btree pages. Overflow
-pages are not implemented but may be needed in the future if dealing with wallets with large
-transactions.
 
 `db_dump -da wallet.dat` is useful to see the data in a wallet.dat BDB file
 """
@@ -27,23 +25,36 @@ transactions.
 import struct
 
 # Important constants
-PAGESIZE = 4096
+PAGE_HEADER_SIZE = 26
 OUTER_META_PAGE = 0
-INNER_META_PAGE = 2
 
 # Page type values
 BTREE_INTERNAL = 3
 BTREE_LEAF = 5
+OVERFLOW_DATA = 7
 BTREE_META = 9
 
+# Record type values
+RECORD_KEYDATA = 1
+RECORD_OVERFLOW_DATA = 3
+
 # Some magic numbers for sanity checking
 BTREE_MAGIC = 0x053162
 DB_VERSION = 9
+SUBDATABASE_NAME = b'main'
 
-# Deserializes a leaf page into a dict.
-# Btree internal pages have the same header, for those, return None.
-# For the btree leaf pages, deserialize them and put all the data into a dict
-def dump_leaf_page(data):
+# Deserializes an internal, leaf or overflow page into a dict.
+# In addition to the common page header fields, the result contains an 'entries'
+# array of dicts with the following fields, depending on the page type:
+#     internal page [BTREE_INTERNAL]:
+#         - 'page_num': referenced page number (used to find further pages to process)
+#     leaf page [BTREE_LEAF]:
+#         - 'record_type': record type, must be RECORD_KEYDATA or RECORD_OVERFLOW_DATA
+#         - 'data': binary data (key or value payload),  if record type is RECORD_KEYDATA
+#         - 'page_num': referenced overflow page number, if record type is RECORD_OVERFLOW_DATA
+#     overflow page [OVERFLOW_DATA]:
+#         - 'data': binary data (part of key or value payload)
+def dump_page(data):
     page_info = {}
     page_header = data[0:26]
     _, pgno, prev_pgno, next_pgno, entries, hf_offset, level, pg_type = struct.unpack('QIIIHHBB', page_header)
@@ -56,20 +67,35 @@ def dump_leaf_page(data):
     page_info['entry_offsets'] = struct.unpack('{}H'.format(entries), data[26:26 + entries * 2])
     page_info['entries'] = []
 
-    if pg_type == BTREE_INTERNAL:
-        # Skip internal pages. These are the internal nodes of the btree and don't contain anything relevant to us
-        return None
+    assert pg_type in (BTREE_INTERNAL, BTREE_LEAF, OVERFLOW_DATA)
 
-    assert pg_type == BTREE_LEAF, 'A non-btree leaf page has been encountered while dumping leaves'
+    if pg_type == OVERFLOW_DATA:
+        assert entries == 1
+        page_info['entries'].append({'data': data[26:26 + hf_offset]})
+        return page_info
 
     for i in range(0, entries):
+        entry = {}
         offset = page_info['entry_offsets'][i]
-        entry = {'offset': offset}
-        page_data_header = data[offset:offset + 3]
-        e_len, pg_type = struct.unpack('HB', page_data_header)
-        entry['len'] = e_len
-        entry['pg_type'] = pg_type
-        entry['data'] = data[offset + 3:offset + 3 + e_len]
+        record_header = data[offset:offset + 3]
+        offset += 3
+        e_len, record_type = struct.unpack('HB', record_header)
+
+        if pg_type == BTREE_INTERNAL:
+            assert record_type == RECORD_KEYDATA
+            internal_record_data = data[offset:offset + 9]
+            _, page_num, _ = struct.unpack('=BII', internal_record_data)
+            entry['page_num'] = page_num
+        elif pg_type == BTREE_LEAF:
+            assert record_type in (RECORD_KEYDATA, RECORD_OVERFLOW_DATA)
+            entry['record_type'] = record_type
+            if record_type == RECORD_KEYDATA:
+                entry['data'] = data[offset:offset + e_len]
+            elif record_type == RECORD_OVERFLOW_DATA:
+                overflow_record_data = data[offset:offset + 9]
+                _, page_num, _ = struct.unpack('=BII', overflow_record_data)
+                entry['page_num'] = page_num
+
         page_info['entries'].append(entry)
 
     return page_info
@@ -115,16 +141,27 @@ def dump_meta_page(page):
     return metadata
 
 # Given the dict from dump_leaf_page, get the key-value pairs and put them into a dict
-def extract_kv_pairs(page_data):
+def extract_kv_pairs(page_data, pages):
     out = {}
     last_key = None
     for i, entry in enumerate(page_data['entries']):
+        data = b''
+        if entry['record_type'] == RECORD_KEYDATA:
+            data = entry['data']
+        elif entry['record_type'] == RECORD_OVERFLOW_DATA:
+            next_page = entry['page_num']
+            while next_page != 0:
+                opage = pages[next_page]
+                opage_info = dump_page(opage)
+                data += opage_info['entries'][0]['data']
+                next_page = opage_info['next_pgno']
+
         # By virtue of these all being pairs, even number entries are keys, and odd are values
         if i % 2 == 0:
             out[entry['data']] = b''
-            last_key = entry['data']
+            last_key = data
         else:
-            out[last_key] = entry['data']
+            out[last_key] = data
     return out
 
 # Extract the key-value pairs of the BDB file given in filename
@@ -132,20 +169,42 @@ def dump_bdb_kv(filename):
     # Read in the BDB file and start deserializing it
     pages = []
     with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
-        data = f.read(PAGESIZE)
+        # Determine pagesize first
+        data = f.read(PAGE_HEADER_SIZE)
+        pagesize = struct.unpack('I', data[20:24])[0]
+        assert pagesize in (512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536)
+
+        # Read rest of first page
+        data += f.read(pagesize - PAGE_HEADER_SIZE)
+        assert len(data) == pagesize
+
+        # Read all remaining pages
         while len(data) > 0:
             pages.append(data)
-            data = f.read(PAGESIZE)
+            data = f.read(pagesize)
 
-    # Sanity check the meta pages
-    dump_meta_page(pages[OUTER_META_PAGE])
-    dump_meta_page(pages[INNER_META_PAGE])
+    # Sanity check the meta pages, read root page
+    outer_meta_info = dump_meta_page(pages[OUTER_META_PAGE])
+    root_page_info = dump_page(pages[outer_meta_info['root']])
+    assert root_page_info['pg_type'] == BTREE_LEAF
+    assert len(root_page_info['entries']) == 2
+    assert root_page_info['entries'][0]['data'] == SUBDATABASE_NAME
+    assert len(root_page_info['entries'][1]['data']) == 4
+    inner_meta_page = int.from_bytes(root_page_info['entries'][1]['data'], 'big')
+    inner_meta_info = dump_meta_page(pages[inner_meta_page])
 
-    # Fetch the kv pairs from the leaf pages
+    # Fetch the kv pairs from the pages
     kv = {}
-    for i in range(3, len(pages)):
-        info = dump_leaf_page(pages[i])
-        if info is not None:
-            info_kv = extract_kv_pairs(info)
+    pages_to_process = [inner_meta_info['root']]
+    while len(pages_to_process) > 0:
+        curr_page_no = pages_to_process.pop()
+        assert curr_page_no <= outer_meta_info['last_pgno']
+        info = dump_page(pages[curr_page_no])
+        assert info['pg_type'] in (BTREE_INTERNAL, BTREE_LEAF)
+        if info['pg_type'] == BTREE_INTERNAL:
+            for entry in info['entries']:
+                pages_to_process.append(entry['page_num'])
+        elif info['pg_type'] == BTREE_LEAF:
+            info_kv = extract_kv_pairs(info, pages)
             kv = {**kv, **info_kv}
     return kv

From 18f6430b4a1e8e844cb1ecf41011e1a3b9eb9aa3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebastian Falbesoner <sebastian.falbesoner@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 16 May 2024 19:08:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 15/19] test: compare BDB dumps of test framework parser and
 wallet tool

Github-Pull: #30125
Rebased-From: d45eb3964f693eddcf96f1e4083cf19d327be989
---
 test/functional/tool_wallet.py | 46 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 46 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/functional/tool_wallet.py b/test/functional/tool_wallet.py
index 784a7698829..b6a2a1c1f43 100755
--- a/test/functional/tool_wallet.py
+++ b/test/functional/tool_wallet.py
@@ -6,18 +6,23 @@
 
 import os
 import platform
+import random
 import stat
+import string
 import subprocess
 import textwrap
 
 from collections import OrderedDict
 
+from test_framework.bdb import dump_bdb_kv
+from test_framework.messages import ser_string
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import (
     assert_equal,
     assert_greater_than,
     sha256sum_file,
 )
+from test_framework.wallet import getnewdestination
 
 
 class ToolWalletTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
@@ -545,6 +550,44 @@ class ToolWalletTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.stop_node(0)
         self.assert_tool_output("The dumpfile may contain private keys. To ensure the safety of your Bitcoin, do not share the dumpfile.\n", "-wallet=unclean_lsn", f"-dumpfile={wallet_dump}", "dump")
 
+    def test_compare_legacy_dump_with_framework_bdb_parser(self):
+        self.log.info("Verify that legacy wallet database dump matches the one from the test framework's BDB parser")
+        wallet_name = "bdb_ro_test"
+        self.start_node(0)
+        # add some really large labels (above twice the largest valid page size) to create BDB overflow pages
+        self.nodes[0].createwallet(wallet_name)
+        wallet_rpc = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc(wallet_name)
+        generated_labels = {}
+        for i in range(10):
+            address = getnewdestination()[2]
+            large_label = ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters) for _ in range(150000)])
+            wallet_rpc.setlabel(address, large_label)
+            generated_labels[address] = large_label
+        # fill the keypool to create BDB internal pages
+        wallet_rpc.keypoolrefill(1000)
+        self.stop_node(0)
+
+        wallet_dumpfile = self.nodes[0].datadir_path / "bdb_ro_test.dump"
+        self.assert_tool_output("The dumpfile may contain private keys. To ensure the safety of your Bitcoin, do not share the dumpfile.\n", "-wallet={}".format(wallet_name), "-dumpfile={}".format(wallet_dumpfile), "dump")
+
+        expected_dump = self.read_dump(wallet_dumpfile)
+        # remove extra entries from wallet tool dump that are not actual key/value pairs from the database
+        del expected_dump['BITCOIN_CORE_WALLET_DUMP']
+        del expected_dump['format']
+        del expected_dump['checksum']
+        bdb_ro_parser_dump_raw = dump_bdb_kv(self.nodes[0].wallets_path / wallet_name / "wallet.dat")
+        bdb_ro_parser_dump = OrderedDict()
+        assert any([len(bytes.fromhex(value)) >= 150000 for value in expected_dump.values()])
+        for key, value in sorted(bdb_ro_parser_dump_raw.items()):
+            bdb_ro_parser_dump[key.hex()] = value.hex()
+        assert_equal(bdb_ro_parser_dump, expected_dump)
+
+        # check that all labels were created with the correct address
+        for address, label in generated_labels.items():
+            key_bytes = b'\x04name' + ser_string(address.encode())
+            assert key_bytes in bdb_ro_parser_dump_raw
+            assert_equal(bdb_ro_parser_dump_raw[key_bytes], ser_string(label.encode()))
+
     def run_test(self):
         self.wallet_path = self.nodes[0].wallets_path / self.default_wallet_name / self.wallet_data_filename
         self.test_invalid_tool_commands_and_args()
@@ -561,6 +604,9 @@ class ToolWalletTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         self.test_dump_createfromdump()
         self.test_chainless_conflicts()
         self.test_dump_very_large_records()
+        if not self.options.descriptors and self.is_bdb_compiled() and not self.options.swap_bdb_endian:
+            self.test_compare_legacy_dump_with_framework_bdb_parser()
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     ToolWalletTest(__file__).main()

From d3194cb8cd81db0d7602fadc9eb71431e7a6c948 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2025 15:13:20 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 16/19] [doc] update release notes for 28.x

---
 doc/release-notes.md | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+)

diff --git a/doc/release-notes.md b/doc/release-notes.md
index 97280d5c0da..ffeab2d3c00 100644
--- a/doc/release-notes.md
+++ b/doc/release-notes.md
@@ -37,6 +37,22 @@ unsupported systems.
 Notable changes
 ===============
 
+### Policy
+
+ The minimum block feerate (`-blockmintxfee`) has been changed to 1 satoshi per kvB. It can still be changed using the
+configuration option.
+
+- The default minimum relay feerate (`-minrelaytxfee`) and incremental relay feerate (`-incrementalrelayfee`) have been
+changed to 100 satoshis per kvB. They can still be changed using their respective configuration options, but it is
+recommended to change both together if you decide to do so.
+  - Other minimum feerates (e.g. the dust feerate, the minimum returned by the fee estimator, and all feerates used by
+  the wallet) remain unchanged. The mempool minimum feerate still changes in response to high volume.
+  - Note that unless these lower defaults are widely adopted across the network, transactions created with lower fee
+  rates are not guaranteed to propagate or confirm. The wallet feerates remain unchanged; `-mintxfee` must be changed
+  before attempting to create transactions with lower feerates using the wallet.
+
+- #33106 policy: lower the default blockmintxfee, incrementalrelayfee, minrelaytxfee
+
 ### P2P
 
 - #33395 net: do not apply whitelist permissions to onion inbounds
@@ -45,6 +61,9 @@ Notable changes
 
 - #32765 test: Fix list index out of range error in feature_bip68_sequence.py
 - #33001 test: Do not pass tests on unhandled exceptions
+- #30125 test: improve BDB parser (handle internal/overflow pages, support all page sizes)
+- #30948 test: Add missing sync_mempools() to fill_mempool()
+- #30784 test: add BulkTransaction helper to unit test transaction utils
 
 ### Build
 
@@ -70,6 +89,7 @@ Credits
 Thanks to everyone who directly contributed to this release:
 - 0xB10C
 - fanquake
+- glozow
 - Hennadii Stepanov
 - MarcoFalke
 - Martin Zumsande

From df7412803d5e83a8995ddadf2e35c2ec52f8b9f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2025 16:47:14 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 17/19] [build] bump version to 28.3rc1

---
 configure.ac | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 97b1dc468f4..d1ec160af8f 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 AC_PREREQ([2.69])
 define(_CLIENT_VERSION_MAJOR, 28)
-define(_CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR, 2)
+define(_CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR, 3)
 define(_CLIENT_VERSION_BUILD, 0)
-define(_CLIENT_VERSION_RC, 0)
+define(_CLIENT_VERSION_RC, 1)
 define(_CLIENT_VERSION_IS_RELEASE, true)
 define(_COPYRIGHT_YEAR, 2025)
 define(_COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS,[The %s developers])

From dcac36271f9c6d47a863ab638a91382be6f7a50f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2025 15:08:38 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 18/19] [doc] manpages for 28.3rc1

---
 doc/man/bitcoin-cli.1    |  6 +++---
 doc/man/bitcoin-qt.1     | 10 +++++-----
 doc/man/bitcoin-tx.1     |  6 +++---
 doc/man/bitcoin-util.1   |  6 +++---
 doc/man/bitcoin-wallet.1 |  6 +++---
 doc/man/bitcoind.1       | 10 +++++-----
 6 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/man/bitcoin-cli.1 b/doc/man/bitcoin-cli.1
index 80f1fd6b312..f1171c63b12 100644
--- a/doc/man/bitcoin-cli.1
+++ b/doc/man/bitcoin-cli.1
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH BITCOIN-CLI "1" "June 2025" "bitcoin-cli v28.2.0" "User Commands"
+.TH BITCOIN-CLI "1" "September 2025" "bitcoin-cli v28.3.0rc1" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-bitcoin-cli \- manual page for bitcoin-cli v28.2.0
+bitcoin-cli \- manual page for bitcoin-cli v28.3.0rc1
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B bitcoin-cli
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,<command> \/\fR[\fI\,params\/\fR]  \fI\,Send command to Bitcoin Core\/\fR
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ bitcoin-cli \- manual page for bitcoin-cli v28.2.0
 .B bitcoin-cli
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,help <command>      Get help for a command\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Bitcoin Core RPC client version v28.2.0
+Bitcoin Core RPC client version v28.3.0rc1
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
diff --git a/doc/man/bitcoin-qt.1 b/doc/man/bitcoin-qt.1
index 9b358991e05..c9635410a79 100644
--- a/doc/man/bitcoin-qt.1
+++ b/doc/man/bitcoin-qt.1
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH BITCOIN-QT "1" "June 2025" "bitcoin-qt v28.2.0" "User Commands"
+.TH BITCOIN-QT "1" "September 2025" "bitcoin-qt v28.3.0rc1" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-bitcoin-qt \- manual page for bitcoin-qt v28.2.0
+bitcoin-qt \- manual page for bitcoin-qt v28.3.0rc1
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B bitcoin-qt
 [\fI\,command-line options\/\fR] [\fI\,URI\/\fR]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Bitcoin Core version v28.2.0
+Bitcoin Core version v28.3.0rc1
 .PP
 Optional URI is a Bitcoin address in BIP21 URI format.
 .SH OPTIONS
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ replaceability signaling (default: 1)
 \fB\-minrelaytxfee=\fR<amt>
 .IP
 Fees (in BTC/kvB) smaller than this are considered zero fee for
-relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: 0.00001)
+relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: 0.000001)
 .HP
 \fB\-permitbaremultisig\fR
 .IP
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ Set maximum BIP141 block weight (default: 3996000)
 \fB\-blockmintxfee=\fR<amt>
 .IP
 Set lowest fee rate (in BTC/kvB) for transactions to be included in
-block creation. (default: 0.00001)
+block creation. (default: 0.00000001)
 .PP
 RPC server options:
 .HP
diff --git a/doc/man/bitcoin-tx.1 b/doc/man/bitcoin-tx.1
index 9176add4ed6..bab1c28d5b8 100644
--- a/doc/man/bitcoin-tx.1
+++ b/doc/man/bitcoin-tx.1
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH BITCOIN-TX "1" "June 2025" "bitcoin-tx v28.2.0" "User Commands"
+.TH BITCOIN-TX "1" "September 2025" "bitcoin-tx v28.3.0rc1" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-bitcoin-tx \- manual page for bitcoin-tx v28.2.0
+bitcoin-tx \- manual page for bitcoin-tx v28.3.0rc1
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B bitcoin-tx
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,<hex-tx> \/\fR[\fI\,commands\/\fR]  \fI\,Update hex-encoded bitcoin transaction\/\fR
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ bitcoin-tx \- manual page for bitcoin-tx v28.2.0
 .B bitcoin-tx
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,-create \/\fR[\fI\,commands\/\fR]   \fI\,Create hex-encoded bitcoin transaction\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Bitcoin Core bitcoin\-tx utility version v28.2.0
+Bitcoin Core bitcoin\-tx utility version v28.3.0rc1
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
diff --git a/doc/man/bitcoin-util.1 b/doc/man/bitcoin-util.1
index 1abc8bd5568..f41d0756e59 100644
--- a/doc/man/bitcoin-util.1
+++ b/doc/man/bitcoin-util.1
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH BITCOIN-UTIL "1" "June 2025" "bitcoin-util v28.2.0" "User Commands"
+.TH BITCOIN-UTIL "1" "September 2025" "bitcoin-util v28.3.0rc1" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-bitcoin-util \- manual page for bitcoin-util v28.2.0
+bitcoin-util \- manual page for bitcoin-util v28.3.0rc1
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B bitcoin-util
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] [\fI\,commands\/\fR]  \fI\,Do stuff\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Bitcoin Core bitcoin\-util utility version v28.2.0
+Bitcoin Core bitcoin\-util utility version v28.3.0rc1
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
diff --git a/doc/man/bitcoin-wallet.1 b/doc/man/bitcoin-wallet.1
index 9242497f0d3..04886604d84 100644
--- a/doc/man/bitcoin-wallet.1
+++ b/doc/man/bitcoin-wallet.1
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH BITCOIN-WALLET "1" "June 2025" "bitcoin-wallet v28.2.0" "User Commands"
+.TH BITCOIN-WALLET "1" "September 2025" "bitcoin-wallet v28.3.0rc1" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-bitcoin-wallet \- manual page for bitcoin-wallet v28.2.0
+bitcoin-wallet \- manual page for bitcoin-wallet v28.3.0rc1
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Bitcoin Core bitcoin\-wallet version v28.2.0
+Bitcoin Core bitcoin\-wallet version v28.3.0rc1
 .PP
 bitcoin\-wallet is an offline tool for creating and interacting with Bitcoin Core wallet files.
 By default bitcoin\-wallet will act on wallets in the default mainnet wallet directory in the datadir.
diff --git a/doc/man/bitcoind.1 b/doc/man/bitcoind.1
index 73e3d225eb5..10ce497c2ba 100644
--- a/doc/man/bitcoind.1
+++ b/doc/man/bitcoind.1
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH BITCOIND "1" "June 2025" "bitcoind v28.2.0" "User Commands"
+.TH BITCOIND "1" "September 2025" "bitcoind v28.3.0rc1" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-bitcoind \- manual page for bitcoind v28.2.0
+bitcoind \- manual page for bitcoind v28.3.0rc1
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B bitcoind
 [\fI\,options\/\fR]                     \fI\,Start Bitcoin Core\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Bitcoin Core version v28.2.0
+Bitcoin Core version v28.3.0rc1
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ replaceability signaling (default: 1)
 \fB\-minrelaytxfee=\fR<amt>
 .IP
 Fees (in BTC/kvB) smaller than this are considered zero fee for
-relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: 0.00001)
+relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: 0.000001)
 .HP
 \fB\-permitbaremultisig\fR
 .IP
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ Set maximum BIP141 block weight (default: 3996000)
 \fB\-blockmintxfee=\fR<amt>
 .IP
 Set lowest fee rate (in BTC/kvB) for transactions to be included in
-block creation. (default: 0.00001)
+block creation. (default: 0.00000001)
 .PP
 RPC server options:
 .HP

From 9968b15937cbc2071c3474bd83f9c9fb4bb3a970 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: glozow <gloriajzhao@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Sep 2025 17:21:25 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 19/19] [doc] update bitcoin.conf example

---
 share/examples/bitcoin.conf | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/share/examples/bitcoin.conf b/share/examples/bitcoin.conf
index a8dfc2735d9..bda3ca86dd7 100644
--- a/share/examples/bitcoin.conf
+++ b/share/examples/bitcoin.conf
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@
 #mempoolfullrbf=1
 
 # Fees (in BTC/kvB) smaller than this are considered zero fee for
-# relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: 0.00001)
+# relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: 0.000001)
 #minrelaytxfee=<amt>
 
 # Relay transactions creating non-P2SH multisig outputs (default: 1)
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@
 #blockmaxweight=<n>
 
 # Set lowest fee rate (in BTC/kvB) for transactions to be included in
-# block creation. (default: 0.00001)
+# block creation. (default: 0.00000001)
 #blockmintxfee=<amt>