diff --git a/src/net_processing.cpp b/src/net_processing.cpp
index d9c2163c1d2..04981276371 100644
--- a/src/net_processing.cpp
+++ b/src/net_processing.cpp
@@ -553,12 +553,6 @@ private:
                                  bool via_compact_block, const std::string& message = "")
         EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_peer_mutex);
 
-    /**
-     * Potentially disconnect and discourage a node based on the contents of a TxValidationState object
-     */
-    void MaybePunishNodeForTx(NodeId nodeid, const TxValidationState& state)
-        EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_peer_mutex);
-
     /** Maybe disconnect a peer and discourage future connections from its address.
      *
      * @param[in]   pnode     The node to check.
@@ -1805,32 +1799,6 @@ void PeerManagerImpl::MaybePunishNodeForBlock(NodeId nodeid, const BlockValidati
     }
 }
 
-void PeerManagerImpl::MaybePunishNodeForTx(NodeId nodeid, const TxValidationState& state)
-{
-    PeerRef peer{GetPeerRef(nodeid)};
-    switch (state.GetResult()) {
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_RESULT_UNSET:
-        break;
-    // The node is providing invalid data:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS:
-        if (peer) Misbehaving(*peer, "");
-        return;
-    // Conflicting (but not necessarily invalid) data or different policy:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_INPUTS_NOT_STANDARD:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_MISSING_INPUTS:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_PREMATURE_SPEND:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_WITNESS_MUTATED:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_WITNESS_STRIPPED:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_CONFLICT:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_MEMPOOL_POLICY:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_NO_MEMPOOL:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_RECONSIDERABLE:
-    case TxValidationResult::TX_UNKNOWN:
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
 bool PeerManagerImpl::BlockRequestAllowed(const CBlockIndex* pindex)
 {
     AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
@@ -2987,8 +2955,6 @@ std::optional<node::PackageToValidate> PeerManagerImpl::ProcessInvalidTx(NodeId
         if (peer) AddKnownTx(*peer, parent_txid);
     }
 
-    MaybePunishNodeForTx(nodeid, state);
-
     return package_to_validate;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/policy/policy.cpp b/src/policy/policy.cpp
index 545387d150c..5942747d609 100644
--- a/src/policy/policy.cpp
+++ b/src/policy/policy.cpp
@@ -344,6 +344,42 @@ bool IsWitnessStandard(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs)
     return true;
 }
 
+bool SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& prevouts)
+{
+    if (tx.IsCoinBase()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int version;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> program;
+    for (const auto& txin: tx.vin) {
+        const auto& prev_spk{prevouts.AccessCoin(txin.prevout).out.scriptPubKey};
+
+        // Note this includes not-yet-defined witness programs.
+        if (prev_spk.IsWitnessProgram(version, program) && !prev_spk.IsPayToAnchor(version, program)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // For P2SH extract the redeem script and check if it spends a non-Taproot witness program. Note
+        // this is fine to call EvalScript (as done in AreInputsStandard/IsWitnessStandard) because this
+        // function is only ever called after IsStandardTx, which checks the scriptsig is pushonly.
+        if (prev_spk.IsPayToScriptHash()) {
+            // If EvalScript fails or results in an empty stack, the transaction is invalid by consensus.
+            std::vector <std::vector<uint8_t>> stack;
+            if (!EvalScript(stack, txin.scriptSig, SCRIPT_VERIFY_NONE, BaseSignatureChecker{}, SigVersion::BASE)
+                || stack.empty()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const CScript redeem_script{stack.back().begin(), stack.back().end()};
+            if (redeem_script.IsWitnessProgram(version, program)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
 int64_t GetVirtualTransactionSize(int64_t nWeight, int64_t nSigOpCost, unsigned int bytes_per_sigop)
 {
     return (std::max(nWeight, nSigOpCost * bytes_per_sigop) + WITNESS_SCALE_FACTOR - 1) / WITNESS_SCALE_FACTOR;
diff --git a/src/policy/policy.h b/src/policy/policy.h
index bf6224af3db..a6ce608bcfa 100644
--- a/src/policy/policy.h
+++ b/src/policy/policy.h
@@ -167,6 +167,11 @@ bool AreInputsStandard(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs)
 * Also enforce a maximum stack item size limit and no annexes for tapscript spends.
 */
 bool IsWitnessStandard(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs);
+/**
+ * Check whether this transaction spends any witness program but P2A, including not-yet-defined ones.
+ * May return `false` early for consensus-invalid transactions.
+ */
+bool SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& prevouts);
 
 /** Compute the virtual transaction size (weight reinterpreted as bytes). */
 int64_t GetVirtualTransactionSize(int64_t nWeight, int64_t nSigOpCost, unsigned int bytes_per_sigop);
diff --git a/src/script/interpreter.cpp b/src/script/interpreter.cpp
index a35306b6935..4b7bfcedc6c 100644
--- a/src/script/interpreter.cpp
+++ b/src/script/interpreter.cpp
@@ -1564,11 +1564,57 @@ bool SignatureHashSchnorr(uint256& hash_out, ScriptExecutionData& execdata, cons
     return true;
 }
 
+int SigHashCache::CacheIndex(int32_t hash_type) const noexcept
+{
+    // Note that we do not distinguish between BASE and WITNESS_V0 to determine the cache index,
+    // because no input can simultaneously use both.
+    return 3 * !!(hash_type & SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY) +
+           2 * ((hash_type & 0x1f) == SIGHASH_SINGLE) +
+           1 * ((hash_type & 0x1f) == SIGHASH_NONE);
+}
+
+bool SigHashCache::Load(int32_t hash_type, const CScript& script_code, HashWriter& writer) const noexcept
+{
+    auto& entry = m_cache_entries[CacheIndex(hash_type)];
+    if (entry.has_value()) {
+        if (script_code == entry->first) {
+            writer = HashWriter(entry->second);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void SigHashCache::Store(int32_t hash_type, const CScript& script_code, const HashWriter& writer) noexcept
+{
+    auto& entry = m_cache_entries[CacheIndex(hash_type)];
+    entry.emplace(script_code, writer);
+}
+
 template <class T>
-uint256 SignatureHash(const CScript& scriptCode, const T& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int32_t nHashType, const CAmount& amount, SigVersion sigversion, const PrecomputedTransactionData* cache)
+uint256 SignatureHash(const CScript& scriptCode, const T& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int32_t nHashType, const CAmount& amount, SigVersion sigversion, const PrecomputedTransactionData* cache, SigHashCache* sighash_cache)
 {
     assert(nIn < txTo.vin.size());
 
+    if (sigversion != SigVersion::WITNESS_V0) {
+        // Check for invalid use of SIGHASH_SINGLE
+        if ((nHashType & 0x1f) == SIGHASH_SINGLE) {
+            if (nIn >= txTo.vout.size()) {
+                //  nOut out of range
+                return uint256::ONE;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    HashWriter ss{};
+
+    // Try to compute using cached SHA256 midstate.
+    if (sighash_cache && sighash_cache->Load(nHashType, scriptCode, ss)) {
+        // Add sighash type and hash.
+        ss << nHashType;
+        return ss.GetHash();
+    }
+
     if (sigversion == SigVersion::WITNESS_V0) {
         uint256 hashPrevouts;
         uint256 hashSequence;
@@ -1583,16 +1629,14 @@ uint256 SignatureHash(const CScript& scriptCode, const T& txTo, unsigned int nIn
             hashSequence = cacheready ? cache->hashSequence : SHA256Uint256(GetSequencesSHA256(txTo));
         }
 
-
         if ((nHashType & 0x1f) != SIGHASH_SINGLE && (nHashType & 0x1f) != SIGHASH_NONE) {
             hashOutputs = cacheready ? cache->hashOutputs : SHA256Uint256(GetOutputsSHA256(txTo));
         } else if ((nHashType & 0x1f) == SIGHASH_SINGLE && nIn < txTo.vout.size()) {
-            HashWriter ss{};
-            ss << txTo.vout[nIn];
-            hashOutputs = ss.GetHash();
+            HashWriter inner_ss{};
+            inner_ss << txTo.vout[nIn];
+            hashOutputs = inner_ss.GetHash();
         }
 
-        HashWriter ss{};
         // Version
         ss << txTo.version;
         // Input prevouts/nSequence (none/all, depending on flags)
@@ -1609,26 +1653,21 @@ uint256 SignatureHash(const CScript& scriptCode, const T& txTo, unsigned int nIn
         ss << hashOutputs;
         // Locktime
         ss << txTo.nLockTime;
-        // Sighash type
-        ss << nHashType;
+    } else {
+        // Wrapper to serialize only the necessary parts of the transaction being signed
+        CTransactionSignatureSerializer<T> txTmp(txTo, scriptCode, nIn, nHashType);
 
-        return ss.GetHash();
+        // Serialize
+        ss << txTmp;
     }
 
-    // Check for invalid use of SIGHASH_SINGLE
-    if ((nHashType & 0x1f) == SIGHASH_SINGLE) {
-        if (nIn >= txTo.vout.size()) {
-            //  nOut out of range
-            return uint256::ONE;
-        }
+    // If a cache object was provided, store the midstate there.
+    if (sighash_cache != nullptr) {
+        sighash_cache->Store(nHashType, scriptCode, ss);
     }
 
-    // Wrapper to serialize only the necessary parts of the transaction being signed
-    CTransactionSignatureSerializer<T> txTmp(txTo, scriptCode, nIn, nHashType);
-
-    // Serialize and hash
-    HashWriter ss{};
-    ss << txTmp << nHashType;
+    // Add sighash type and hash.
+    ss << nHashType;
     return ss.GetHash();
 }
 
@@ -1661,7 +1700,7 @@ bool GenericTransactionSignatureChecker<T>::CheckECDSASignature(const std::vecto
     // Witness sighashes need the amount.
     if (sigversion == SigVersion::WITNESS_V0 && amount < 0) return HandleMissingData(m_mdb);
 
-    uint256 sighash = SignatureHash(scriptCode, *txTo, nIn, nHashType, amount, sigversion, this->txdata);
+    uint256 sighash = SignatureHash(scriptCode, *txTo, nIn, nHashType, amount, sigversion, this->txdata, &m_sighash_cache);
 
     if (!VerifyECDSASignature(vchSig, pubkey, sighash))
         return false;
diff --git a/src/script/interpreter.h b/src/script/interpreter.h
index e2fb1998f0b..d613becb8f6 100644
--- a/src/script/interpreter.h
+++ b/src/script/interpreter.h
@@ -239,8 +239,27 @@ extern const HashWriter HASHER_TAPSIGHASH; //!< Hasher with tag "TapSighash" pre
 extern const HashWriter HASHER_TAPLEAF;    //!< Hasher with tag "TapLeaf" pre-fed to it.
 extern const HashWriter HASHER_TAPBRANCH;  //!< Hasher with tag "TapBranch" pre-fed to it.
 
+/** Data structure to cache SHA256 midstates for the ECDSA sighash calculations
+ *  (bare, P2SH, P2WPKH, P2WSH). */
+class SigHashCache
+{
+    /** For each sighash mode (ALL, SINGLE, NONE, ALL|ANYONE, SINGLE|ANYONE, NONE|ANYONE),
+     *  optionally store a scriptCode which the hash is for, plus a midstate for the SHA256
+     *  computation just before adding the hash_type itself. */
+    std::optional<std::pair<CScript, HashWriter>> m_cache_entries[6];
+
+    /** Given a hash_type, find which of the 6 cache entries is to be used. */
+    int CacheIndex(int32_t hash_type) const noexcept;
+
+public:
+    /** Load into writer the SHA256 midstate if found in this cache. */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Load(int32_t hash_type, const CScript& script_code, HashWriter& writer) const noexcept;
+    /** Store into this cache object the provided SHA256 midstate. */
+    void Store(int32_t hash_type, const CScript& script_code, const HashWriter& writer) noexcept;
+};
+
 template <class T>
-uint256 SignatureHash(const CScript& scriptCode, const T& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int32_t nHashType, const CAmount& amount, SigVersion sigversion, const PrecomputedTransactionData* cache = nullptr);
+uint256 SignatureHash(const CScript& scriptCode, const T& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int32_t nHashType, const CAmount& amount, SigVersion sigversion, const PrecomputedTransactionData* cache = nullptr, SigHashCache* sighash_cache = nullptr);
 
 class BaseSignatureChecker
 {
@@ -289,6 +308,7 @@ private:
     unsigned int nIn;
     const CAmount amount;
     const PrecomputedTransactionData* txdata;
+    mutable SigHashCache m_sighash_cache;
 
 protected:
     virtual bool VerifyECDSASignature(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchSig, const CPubKey& vchPubKey, const uint256& sighash) const;
diff --git a/src/test/fuzz/script_interpreter.cpp b/src/test/fuzz/script_interpreter.cpp
index 9e3ad02b2e5..2c2ce855d47 100644
--- a/src/test/fuzz/script_interpreter.cpp
+++ b/src/test/fuzz/script_interpreter.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <test/fuzz/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/util.h>
+#include <util/check.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <optional>
@@ -45,3 +46,27 @@ FUZZ_TARGET(script_interpreter)
         (void)CastToBool(ConsumeRandomLengthByteVector(fuzzed_data_provider));
     }
 }
+
+/** Differential fuzzing for SignatureHash with and without cache. */
+FUZZ_TARGET(sighash_cache)
+{
+    FuzzedDataProvider provider(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+
+    // Get inputs to the sighash function that won't change across types.
+    const auto scriptcode{ConsumeScript(provider)};
+    const auto tx{ConsumeTransaction(provider, std::nullopt)};
+    if (tx.vin.empty()) return;
+    const auto in_index{provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, tx.vin.size() - 1)};
+    const auto amount{ConsumeMoney(provider)};
+    const auto sigversion{(SigVersion)provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange(0, 1)};
+
+    // Check the sighash function will give the same result for 100 fuzzer-generated hash types whether or not a cache is
+    // provided. The cache is conserved across types to exercise cache hits.
+    SigHashCache sighash_cache{};
+    for (int i{0}; i < 100; ++i) {
+        const auto hash_type{((i & 2) == 0) ? provider.ConsumeIntegral<int8_t>() : provider.ConsumeIntegral<int32_t>()};
+        const auto nocache_res{SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion)};
+        const auto cache_res{SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &sighash_cache)};
+        Assert(nocache_res == cache_res);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/test/sighash_tests.cpp b/src/test/sighash_tests.cpp
index d3320878ec0..6e2ec800e74 100644
--- a/src/test/sighash_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/sighash_tests.cpp
@@ -207,4 +207,94 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(sighash_from_data)
         BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(sh.GetHex() == sigHashHex, strTest);
     }
 }
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(sighash_caching)
+{
+    // Get a script, transaction and parameters as inputs to the sighash function.
+    CScript scriptcode;
+    RandomScript(scriptcode);
+    CScript diff_scriptcode{scriptcode};
+    diff_scriptcode << OP_1;
+    CMutableTransaction tx;
+    RandomTransaction(tx, /*fSingle=*/false);
+    const auto in_index{static_cast<uint32_t>(m_rng.randrange(tx.vin.size()))};
+    const auto amount{m_rng.rand<CAmount>()};
+
+    // Exercise the sighash function under both legacy and segwit v0.
+    for (const auto sigversion: {SigVersion::BASE, SigVersion::WITNESS_V0}) {
+        // For each, run it against all the 6 standard hash types and a few additional random ones.
+        std::vector<int32_t> hash_types{{SIGHASH_ALL, SIGHASH_SINGLE, SIGHASH_NONE, SIGHASH_ALL | SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY,
+                                          SIGHASH_SINGLE | SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY, SIGHASH_NONE | SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY,
+                                          SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY, 0, std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()}};
+        for (int i{0}; i < 10; ++i) {
+            hash_types.push_back(i % 2 == 0 ? m_rng.rand<int8_t>() : m_rng.rand<int32_t>());
+        }
+
+        // Reuse the same cache across script types. This must not cause any issue as the cached value for one hash type must never
+        // be confused for another (instantiating the cache within the loop instead would prevent testing this).
+        SigHashCache cache;
+        for (const auto hash_type: hash_types) {
+            const bool expect_one{sigversion == SigVersion::BASE && ((hash_type & 0x1f) == SIGHASH_SINGLE) && in_index >= tx.vout.size()};
+
+            // The result of computing the sighash should be the same with or without cache.
+            const auto sighash_with_cache{SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache)};
+            const auto sighash_no_cache{SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, nullptr)};
+            BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache, sighash_no_cache);
+
+            // Calling the cached version again should return the same value again.
+            BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache, SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache));
+
+            // While here we might as well also check that the result for legacy is the same as for the old SignatureHash() function.
+            if (sigversion == SigVersion::BASE) {
+                BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache, SignatureHashOld(scriptcode, CTransaction(tx), in_index, hash_type));
+            }
+
+            // Calling with a different scriptcode (for instance in case a CODESEP is encountered) will not return the cache value but
+            // overwrite it. The sighash will always be different except in case of legacy SIGHASH_SINGLE bug.
+            const auto sighash_with_cache2{SignatureHash(diff_scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache)};
+            const auto sighash_no_cache2{SignatureHash(diff_scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, nullptr)};
+            BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache2, sighash_no_cache2);
+            if (!expect_one) {
+                BOOST_CHECK_NE(sighash_with_cache, sighash_with_cache2);
+            } else {
+                BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache, sighash_with_cache2);
+                BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache, uint256::ONE);
+            }
+
+            // Calling the cached version again should return the same value again.
+            BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(sighash_with_cache2, SignatureHash(diff_scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache));
+
+            // And if we store a different value for this scriptcode and hash type it will return that instead.
+            {
+                HashWriter h{};
+                h << 42;
+                cache.Store(hash_type, scriptcode, h);
+                const auto stored_hash{h.GetHash()};
+                BOOST_CHECK(cache.Load(hash_type, scriptcode, h));
+                const auto loaded_hash{h.GetHash()};
+                BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(stored_hash, loaded_hash);
+            }
+
+            // And using this mutated cache with the sighash function will return the new value (except in the legacy SIGHASH_SINGLE bug
+            // case in which it'll return 1).
+            if (!expect_one) {
+                BOOST_CHECK_NE(SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache), sighash_with_cache);
+                HashWriter h{};
+                BOOST_CHECK(cache.Load(hash_type, scriptcode, h));
+                h << hash_type;
+                const auto new_hash{h.GetHash()};
+                BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache), new_hash);
+            } else {
+                BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache), uint256::ONE);
+            }
+
+            // Wipe the cache and restore the correct cached value for this scriptcode and hash_type before starting the next iteration.
+            HashWriter dummy{};
+            cache.Store(hash_type, diff_scriptcode, dummy);
+            (void)SignatureHash(scriptcode, tx, in_index, hash_type, amount, sigversion, nullptr, &cache);
+            BOOST_CHECK(cache.Load(hash_type, scriptcode, dummy) || expect_one);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
diff --git a/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp b/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp
index 2db30e20331..5844ab23bc8 100644
--- a/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp
@@ -1144,4 +1144,159 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(max_standard_legacy_sigops)
     BOOST_CHECK(!::AreInputsStandard(CTransaction(tx_max_sigops), coins));
 }
 
+/** Sanity check the return value of SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg for various output types. */
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(spends_witness_prog)
+{
+    CCoinsView coins_dummy;
+    CCoinsViewCache coins(&coins_dummy);
+    CKey key;
+    key.MakeNewKey(true);
+    const CPubKey pubkey{key.GetPubKey()};
+    CMutableTransaction tx_create{}, tx_spend{};
+    tx_create.vout.emplace_back(0, CScript{});
+    tx_spend.vin.emplace_back(Txid{}, 0);
+    std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> sol_dummy;
+
+    // CNoDestination, PubKeyDestination, PKHash, ScriptHash, WitnessV0ScriptHash, WitnessV0KeyHash,
+    // WitnessV1Taproot, PayToAnchor, WitnessUnknown.
+    static_assert(std::variant_size_v<CTxDestination> == 9);
+
+    // Go through all defined output types and sanity check SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg.
+
+    // P2PK
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(PubKeyDestination{pubkey});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::PUBKEY);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2PKH
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(PKHash{pubkey});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::PUBKEYHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2SH
+    auto redeem_script{CScript{} << OP_1 << OP_CHECKSIG};
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash{redeem_script});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << OP_0 << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+
+    // native P2WSH
+    const auto witness_script{CScript{} << OP_12 << OP_HASH160 << OP_DUP << OP_EQUAL};
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV0ScriptHash{witness_script});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::WITNESS_V0_SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2SH-wrapped P2WSH
+    redeem_script = tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey;
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash(redeem_script));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // native P2WPKH
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV0KeyHash{pubkey});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::WITNESS_V0_KEYHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2SH-wrapped P2WPKH
+    redeem_script = tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey;
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash(redeem_script));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2TR
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV1Taproot{XOnlyPubKey{pubkey}});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::WITNESS_V1_TAPROOT);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2SH-wrapped P2TR (undefined, non-standard)
+    redeem_script = tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey;
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash(redeem_script));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2A
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(PayToAnchor{});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::ANCHOR);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2SH-wrapped P2A (undefined, non-standard)
+    redeem_script = tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey;
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash(redeem_script));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+
+    // Undefined version 1 witness program
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessUnknown{1, {0x42, 0x42}});
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::WITNESS_UNKNOWN);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // P2SH-wrapped undefined version 1 witness program
+    redeem_script = tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey;
+    tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash(redeem_script));
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+    tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+    AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+    BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+    BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+    // Various undefined version >1 32-byte witness programs.
+    const auto program{ToByteVector(XOnlyPubKey{pubkey})};
+    for (int i{2}; i <= 16; ++i) {
+        tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessUnknown{i, program});
+        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::WITNESS_UNKNOWN);
+        tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+        AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+        BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+
+        // It's also detected within P2SH.
+        redeem_script = tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey;
+        tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(ScriptHash(redeem_script));
+        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(Solver(tx_create.vout[0].scriptPubKey, sol_dummy), TxoutType::SCRIPTHASH);
+        tx_spend.vin[0].prevout.hash = tx_create.GetHash();
+        tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript{} << ToByteVector(redeem_script);
+        AddCoins(coins, CTransaction{tx_create}, 0, false);
+        BOOST_CHECK(::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+        tx_spend.vin[0].scriptSig.clear();
+        BOOST_CHECK(!::SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(CTransaction{tx_spend}, coins));
+    }
+}
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
diff --git a/src/validation.cpp b/src/validation.cpp
index 85504d1e290..3d6ebd30e5b 100644
--- a/src/validation.cpp
+++ b/src/validation.cpp
@@ -1238,13 +1238,8 @@ bool MemPoolAccept::PolicyScriptChecks(const ATMPArgs& args, Workspace& ws)
     // Check input scripts and signatures.
     // This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
     if (!CheckInputScripts(tx, state, m_view, scriptVerifyFlags, true, false, ws.m_precomputed_txdata, GetValidationCache())) {
-        // SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK requires SCRIPT_VERIFY_WITNESS, so we
-        // need to turn both off, and compare against just turning off CLEANSTACK
-        // to see if the failure is specifically due to witness validation.
-        TxValidationState state_dummy; // Want reported failures to be from first CheckInputScripts
-        if (!tx.HasWitness() && CheckInputScripts(tx, state_dummy, m_view, scriptVerifyFlags & ~(SCRIPT_VERIFY_WITNESS | SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK), true, false, ws.m_precomputed_txdata, GetValidationCache()) &&
-                !CheckInputScripts(tx, state_dummy, m_view, scriptVerifyFlags & ~SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK, true, false, ws.m_precomputed_txdata, GetValidationCache())) {
-            // Only the witness is missing, so the transaction itself may be fine.
+        // Detect a failure due to a missing witness so that p2p code can handle rejection caching appropriately.
+        if (!tx.HasWitness() && SpendsNonAnchorWitnessProg(tx, m_view)) {
             state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_WITNESS_STRIPPED,
                     state.GetRejectReason(), state.GetDebugMessage());
         }
@@ -2214,34 +2209,17 @@ bool CheckInputScripts(const CTransaction& tx, TxValidationState& state,
         if (pvChecks) {
             pvChecks->emplace_back(std::move(check));
         } else if (auto result = check(); result.has_value()) {
+            // Tx failures never trigger disconnections/bans.
+            // This is so that network splits aren't triggered
+            // either due to non-consensus relay policies (such as
+            // non-standard DER encodings or non-null dummy
+            // arguments) or due to new consensus rules introduced in
+            // soft forks.
             if (flags & STANDARD_NOT_MANDATORY_VERIFY_FLAGS) {
-                // Check whether the failure was caused by a
-                // non-mandatory script verification check, such as
-                // non-standard DER encodings or non-null dummy
-                // arguments; if so, ensure we return NOT_STANDARD
-                // instead of CONSENSUS to avoid downstream users
-                // splitting the network between upgraded and
-                // non-upgraded nodes by banning CONSENSUS-failing
-                // data providers.
-                CScriptCheck check2(txdata.m_spent_outputs[i], tx, validation_cache.m_signature_cache, i,
-                        flags & ~STANDARD_NOT_MANDATORY_VERIFY_FLAGS, cacheSigStore, &txdata);
-                auto mandatory_result = check2();
-                if (!mandatory_result.has_value()) {
-                    return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, strprintf("non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (%s)", ScriptErrorString(result->first)), result->second);
-                } else {
-                    // If the second check failed, it failed due to a mandatory script verification
-                    // flag, but the first check might have failed on a non-mandatory script
-                    // verification flag.
-                    //
-                    // Avoid reporting a mandatory script check failure with a non-mandatory error
-                    // string by reporting the error from the second check.
-                    result = mandatory_result;
-                }
+                return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_NOT_STANDARD, strprintf("mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (%s)", ScriptErrorString(result->first)), result->second);
+            } else {
+                return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, strprintf("mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (%s)", ScriptErrorString(result->first)), result->second);
             }
-
-            // MANDATORY flag failures correspond to
-            // TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS.
-            return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, strprintf("mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (%s)", ScriptErrorString(result->first)), result->second);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/test/functional/data/invalid_txs.py b/test/functional/data/invalid_txs.py
index d2d7202d860..f96059d4ee8 100644
--- a/test/functional/data/invalid_txs.py
+++ b/test/functional/data/invalid_txs.py
@@ -69,9 +69,6 @@ class BadTxTemplate:
     # Only specified if it differs from mempool acceptance error.
     block_reject_reason = ""
 
-    # Do we expect to be disconnected after submitting this tx?
-    expect_disconnect = False
-
     # Is this tx considered valid when included in a block, but not for acceptance into
     # the mempool (i.e. does it violate policy but not consensus)?
     valid_in_block = False
@@ -89,7 +86,6 @@ class BadTxTemplate:
 
 class OutputMissing(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = "bad-txns-vout-empty"
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         tx = CTransaction()
@@ -100,7 +96,6 @@ class OutputMissing(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class InputMissing(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = "bad-txns-vin-empty"
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     # We use a blank transaction here to make sure
     # it is interpreted as a non-witness transaction.
@@ -117,7 +112,6 @@ class InputMissing(BadTxTemplate):
 # tree depth commitment (CVE-2017-12842)
 class SizeTooSmall(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = "tx-size-small"
-    expect_disconnect = False
     valid_in_block = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
@@ -134,7 +128,6 @@ class BadInputOutpointIndex(BadTxTemplate):
     # Won't be rejected - nonexistent outpoint index is treated as an orphan since the coins
     # database can't distinguish between spent outpoints and outpoints which never existed.
     reject_reason = None
-    expect_disconnect = False
 
     def get_tx(self):
         num_indices = len(self.spend_tx.vin)
@@ -149,7 +142,6 @@ class BadInputOutpointIndex(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class DuplicateInput(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = 'bad-txns-inputs-duplicate'
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         tx = CTransaction()
@@ -162,7 +154,6 @@ class DuplicateInput(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class PrevoutNullInput(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = 'bad-txns-prevout-null'
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         tx = CTransaction()
@@ -175,7 +166,6 @@ class PrevoutNullInput(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class NonexistentInput(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = None  # Added as an orphan tx.
-    expect_disconnect = False
 
     def get_tx(self):
         tx = CTransaction()
@@ -188,7 +178,6 @@ class NonexistentInput(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class SpendTooMuch(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = 'bad-txns-in-belowout'
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         return create_tx_with_script(
@@ -197,7 +186,6 @@ class SpendTooMuch(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class CreateNegative(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = 'bad-txns-vout-negative'
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         return create_tx_with_script(self.spend_tx, 0, amount=-1)
@@ -205,7 +193,6 @@ class CreateNegative(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class CreateTooLarge(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = 'bad-txns-vout-toolarge'
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         return create_tx_with_script(self.spend_tx, 0, amount=MAX_MONEY + 1)
@@ -213,7 +200,6 @@ class CreateTooLarge(BadTxTemplate):
 
 class CreateSumTooLarge(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = 'bad-txns-txouttotal-toolarge'
-    expect_disconnect = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
         tx = create_tx_with_script(self.spend_tx, 0, amount=MAX_MONEY)
@@ -223,8 +209,7 @@ class CreateSumTooLarge(BadTxTemplate):
 
 
 class InvalidOPIFConstruction(BadTxTemplate):
-    reject_reason = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Invalid OP_IF construction)"
-    expect_disconnect = True
+    reject_reason = "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Invalid OP_IF construction)"
     valid_in_block = True
 
     def get_tx(self):
@@ -236,7 +221,6 @@ class InvalidOPIFConstruction(BadTxTemplate):
 class TooManySigops(BadTxTemplate):
     reject_reason = "bad-txns-too-many-sigops"
     block_reject_reason = "bad-blk-sigops, out-of-bounds SigOpCount"
-    expect_disconnect = False
 
     def get_tx(self):
         lotsa_checksigs = CScript([OP_CHECKSIG] * (MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS))
@@ -258,15 +242,14 @@ def getDisabledOpcodeTemplate(opcode):
 
     return type('DisabledOpcode_' + str(opcode), (BadTxTemplate,), {
         'reject_reason': "disabled opcode",
-        'expect_disconnect': True,
         'get_tx': get_tx,
         'valid_in_block' : True
         })
 
 class NonStandardAndInvalid(BadTxTemplate):
-    """A non-standard transaction which is also consensus-invalid should return the consensus error."""
-    reject_reason = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (OP_RETURN was encountered)"
-    expect_disconnect = True
+    """A non-standard transaction which is also consensus-invalid should return the first error."""
+    reject_reason = "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Using OP_CODESEPARATOR in non-witness script)"
+    block_reject_reason = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (OP_RETURN was encountered)"
     valid_in_block = False
 
     def get_tx(self):
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_block.py b/test/functional/feature_block.py
index 2dfa568c5b6..222b2387853 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_block.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_block.py
@@ -164,9 +164,12 @@ class FullBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                 self.sign_tx(badtx, attempt_spend_tx)
             badtx.rehash()
             badblock = self.update_block(blockname, [badtx])
+            reject_reason = (template.block_reject_reason or template.reject_reason)
+            if reject_reason and reject_reason.startswith("mempool-script-verify-flag-failed"):
+                reject_reason = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed" + reject_reason[33:]
             self.send_blocks(
                 [badblock], success=False,
-                reject_reason=(template.block_reject_reason or template.reject_reason),
+                reject_reason=reject_reason,
                 reconnect=True, timeout=2)
 
             self.move_tip(2)
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_cltv.py b/test/functional/feature_cltv.py
index 60b3fb4e20b..81cc10a5adf 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_cltv.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_cltv.py
@@ -154,12 +154,14 @@ class BIP65Test(BitcoinTestFramework):
             coin_vout = coin.prevout.n
             cltv_invalidate(spendtx, i)
 
+            blk_rej = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed"
+            tx_rej = "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed"
             expected_cltv_reject_reason = [
-                "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)",
-                "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Negative locktime)",
-                "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Locktime requirement not satisfied)",
-                "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Locktime requirement not satisfied)",
-                "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Locktime requirement not satisfied)",
+                " (Operation not valid with the current stack size)",
+                " (Negative locktime)",
+                " (Locktime requirement not satisfied)",
+                " (Locktime requirement not satisfied)",
+                " (Locktime requirement not satisfied)",
             ][i]
             # First we show that this tx is valid except for CLTV by getting it
             # rejected from the mempool for exactly that reason.
@@ -170,8 +172,8 @@ class BIP65Test(BitcoinTestFramework):
                     'txid': spendtx_txid,
                     'wtxid': spendtx_wtxid,
                     'allowed': False,
-                    'reject-reason': expected_cltv_reject_reason,
-                    'reject-details': expected_cltv_reject_reason + f", input 0 of {spendtx_txid} (wtxid {spendtx_wtxid}), spending {coin_txid}:{coin_vout}"
+                    'reject-reason': tx_rej + expected_cltv_reject_reason,
+                    'reject-details': tx_rej + expected_cltv_reject_reason + f", input 0 of {spendtx_txid} (wtxid {spendtx_wtxid}), spending {coin_txid}:{coin_vout}"
                 }],
                 self.nodes[0].testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=[spendtx.serialize().hex()], maxfeerate=0),
             )
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ class BIP65Test(BitcoinTestFramework):
             block.hashMerkleRoot = block.calc_merkle_root()
             block.solve()
 
-            with self.nodes[0].assert_debug_log(expected_msgs=[f'Block validation error: {expected_cltv_reject_reason}']):
+            with self.nodes[0].assert_debug_log(expected_msgs=[f'Block validation error: {blk_rej + expected_cltv_reject_reason}']):
                 peer.send_and_ping(msg_block(block))
                 assert_equal(int(self.nodes[0].getbestblockhash(), 16), tip)
                 peer.sync_with_ping()
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_dersig.py b/test/functional/feature_dersig.py
index 0c3b0f12243..2a7eb0d0f47 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_dersig.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_dersig.py
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ class BIP66Test(BitcoinTestFramework):
                 'txid': spendtx_txid,
                 'wtxid': spendtx_wtxid,
                 'allowed': False,
-                'reject-reason': 'mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Non-canonical DER signature)',
-                'reject-details': 'mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Non-canonical DER signature), ' +
+                'reject-reason': 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Non-canonical DER signature)',
+                'reject-details': 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Non-canonical DER signature), ' +
                                   f"input 0 of {spendtx_txid} (wtxid {spendtx_wtxid}), spending {coin_txid}:0"
             }],
             self.nodes[0].testmempoolaccept(rawtxs=[spendtx.serialize().hex()], maxfeerate=0),
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_nulldummy.py b/test/functional/feature_nulldummy.py
index 885bc4855b0..e7fe7d65e48 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_nulldummy.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_nulldummy.py
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ from test_framework.util import (
 from test_framework.wallet import getnewdestination
 from test_framework.wallet_util import generate_keypair
 
-NULLDUMMY_ERROR = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Dummy CHECKMULTISIG argument must be zero)"
-
+NULLDUMMY_TX_ERROR = "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Dummy CHECKMULTISIG argument must be zero)"
+NULLDUMMY_BLK_ERROR = "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Dummy CHECKMULTISIG argument must be zero)"
 
 def invalidate_nulldummy_tx(tx):
     """Transform a NULLDUMMY compliant tx (i.e. scriptSig starts with OP_0)
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class NULLDUMMYTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                                           addr=self.ms_address, amount=47,
                                           privkey=self.privkey)
         invalidate_nulldummy_tx(test2tx)
-        assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, NULLDUMMY_ERROR, self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, test2tx.serialize_with_witness().hex(), 0)
+        assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, NULLDUMMY_TX_ERROR, self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, test2tx.serialize_with_witness().hex(), 0)
 
         self.log.info(f"Test 3: Non-NULLDUMMY base transactions should be accepted in a block before activation [{COINBASE_MATURITY + 4}]")
         self.block_submit(self.nodes[0], [test2tx], accept=True)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class NULLDUMMYTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                                           privkey=self.privkey)
         test6txs = [CTransaction(test4tx)]
         invalidate_nulldummy_tx(test4tx)
-        assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, NULLDUMMY_ERROR, self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, test4tx.serialize_with_witness().hex(), 0)
+        assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, NULLDUMMY_TX_ERROR, self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, test4tx.serialize_with_witness().hex(), 0)
         self.block_submit(self.nodes[0], [test4tx], accept=False)
 
         self.log.info("Test 5: Non-NULLDUMMY P2WSH multisig transaction invalid after activation")
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class NULLDUMMYTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                                           privkey=self.privkey)
         test6txs.append(CTransaction(test5tx))
         test5tx.wit.vtxinwit[0].scriptWitness.stack[0] = b'\x01'
-        assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, NULLDUMMY_ERROR, self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, test5tx.serialize_with_witness().hex(), 0)
+        assert_raises_rpc_error(-26, NULLDUMMY_TX_ERROR, self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction, test5tx.serialize_with_witness().hex(), 0)
         self.block_submit(self.nodes[0], [test5tx], with_witness=True, accept=False)
 
         self.log.info(f"Test 6: NULLDUMMY compliant base/witness transactions should be accepted to mempool and in block after activation [{COINBASE_MATURITY + 5}]")
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class NULLDUMMYTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         if with_witness:
             add_witness_commitment(block)
         block.solve()
-        assert_equal(None if accept else NULLDUMMY_ERROR, node.submitblock(block.serialize().hex()))
+        assert_equal(None if accept else NULLDUMMY_BLK_ERROR, node.submitblock(block.serialize().hex()))
         if accept:
             assert_equal(node.getbestblockhash(), block.hash)
             self.lastblockhash = block.hash
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_segwit.py b/test/functional/feature_segwit.py
index f98f326e8f4..cc664a83aa3 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_segwit.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_segwit.py
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         assert_equal(self.nodes[2].getbalance(), 20 * Decimal("49.999"))
 
         self.log.info("Verify unsigned p2sh witness txs without a redeem script are invalid")
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WPKH][1], sign=False)
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WSH][1], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WPKH][1], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WSH][1], sign=False)
 
         self.generate(self.nodes[0], 1)  # block 164
 
@@ -213,13 +213,13 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
         self.log.info("Verify default node can't accept txs with missing witness")
         # unsigned, no scriptsig
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)", wit_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], sign=False)
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)", wit_ids[NODE_0][P2WSH][0], sign=False)
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], sign=False)
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WSH][0], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)", wit_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)", wit_ids[NODE_0][P2WSH][0], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WSH][0], sign=False)
         # unsigned with redeem script
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(False, self.pubkey[0]))
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WSH][0], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(True, self.pubkey[0]))
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(False, self.pubkey[0]))
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[0], "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)", p2sh_ids[NODE_0][P2WSH][0], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(True, self.pubkey[0]))
 
         # Coinbase contains the witness commitment nonce, check that RPC shows us
         coinbase_txid = self.nodes[2].getblock(blockhash)['tx'][0]
@@ -230,10 +230,10 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         assert_equal(witnesses[0], '00' * 32)
 
         self.log.info("Verify witness txs without witness data are invalid after the fork")
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)', wit_ids[NODE_2][P2WPKH][2], sign=False)
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)', wit_ids[NODE_2][P2WSH][2], sign=False)
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)', p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WPKH][2], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(False, self.pubkey[2]))
-        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)', p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WSH][2], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(True, self.pubkey[2]))
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)', wit_ids[NODE_2][P2WPKH][2], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)', wit_ids[NODE_2][P2WSH][2], sign=False)
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program hash mismatch)', p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WPKH][2], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(False, self.pubkey[2]))
+        self.fail_accept(self.nodes[2], 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)', p2sh_ids[NODE_2][P2WSH][2], sign=False, redeem_script=witness_script(True, self.pubkey[2]))
 
         self.log.info("Verify default node can now use witness txs")
         self.success_mine(self.nodes[0], wit_ids[NODE_0][P2WPKH][0], True)
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_taproot.py b/test/functional/feature_taproot.py
index 4acb7524fba..198bec7df53 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_taproot.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_taproot.py
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ from test_framework.script import (
     OP_PUSHDATA1,
     OP_RETURN,
     OP_SWAP,
+    OP_TUCK,
     OP_VERIFY,
     SIGHASH_DEFAULT,
     SIGHASH_ALL,
@@ -171,9 +172,9 @@ def get(ctx, name):
         ctx[name] = expr
     return expr.value
 
-def getter(name):
+def getter(name, **kwargs):
     """Return a callable that evaluates name in its passed context."""
-    return lambda ctx: get(ctx, name)
+    return lambda ctx: get({**ctx, **kwargs}, name)
 
 def override(expr, **kwargs):
     """Return a callable that evaluates expr in a modified context."""
@@ -217,6 +218,20 @@ def default_controlblock(ctx):
     """Default expression for "controlblock": combine leafversion, negflag, pubkey_internal, merklebranch."""
     return bytes([get(ctx, "leafversion") + get(ctx, "negflag")]) + get(ctx, "pubkey_internal") + get(ctx, "merklebranch")
 
+def default_scriptcode_suffix(ctx):
+    """Default expression for "scriptcode_suffix", the actually used portion of the scriptcode."""
+    scriptcode = get(ctx, "scriptcode")
+    codesepnum = get(ctx, "codesepnum")
+    if codesepnum == -1:
+        return scriptcode
+    codeseps = 0
+    for (opcode, data, sop_idx) in scriptcode.raw_iter():
+        if opcode == OP_CODESEPARATOR:
+            if codeseps == codesepnum:
+                return CScript(scriptcode[sop_idx+1:])
+            codeseps += 1
+    assert False
+
 def default_sigmsg(ctx):
     """Default expression for "sigmsg": depending on mode, compute BIP341, BIP143, or legacy sigmsg."""
     tx = get(ctx, "tx")
@@ -236,12 +251,12 @@ def default_sigmsg(ctx):
             return TaprootSignatureMsg(tx, utxos, hashtype, idx, scriptpath=False, annex=annex)
     elif mode == "witv0":
         # BIP143 signature hash
-        scriptcode = get(ctx, "scriptcode")
+        scriptcode = get(ctx, "scriptcode_suffix")
         utxos = get(ctx, "utxos")
         return SegwitV0SignatureMsg(scriptcode, tx, idx, hashtype, utxos[idx].nValue)
     else:
         # Pre-segwit signature hash
-        scriptcode = get(ctx, "scriptcode")
+        scriptcode = get(ctx, "scriptcode_suffix")
         return LegacySignatureMsg(scriptcode, tx, idx, hashtype)[0]
 
 def default_sighash(ctx):
@@ -301,7 +316,12 @@ def default_hashtype_actual(ctx):
 
 def default_bytes_hashtype(ctx):
     """Default expression for "bytes_hashtype": bytes([hashtype_actual]) if not 0, b"" otherwise."""
-    return bytes([x for x in [get(ctx, "hashtype_actual")] if x != 0])
+    mode = get(ctx, "mode")
+    hashtype_actual = get(ctx, "hashtype_actual")
+    if mode != "taproot" or hashtype_actual != 0:
+        return bytes([hashtype_actual])
+    else:
+        return bytes()
 
 def default_sign(ctx):
     """Default expression for "sign": concatenation of signature and bytes_hashtype."""
@@ -379,6 +399,8 @@ DEFAULT_CONTEXT = {
     "key_tweaked": default_key_tweaked,
     # The tweak to use (None for script path spends, the actual tweak for key path spends).
     "tweak": default_tweak,
+    # The part of the scriptcode after the last executed OP_CODESEPARATOR.
+    "scriptcode_suffix": default_scriptcode_suffix,
     # The sigmsg value (preimage of sighash)
     "sigmsg": default_sigmsg,
     # The sighash value (32 bytes)
@@ -409,6 +431,8 @@ DEFAULT_CONTEXT = {
     "annex": None,
     # The codeseparator position (only when mode=="taproot").
     "codeseppos": -1,
+    # Which OP_CODESEPARATOR is the last executed one in the script (in legacy/P2SH/P2WSH).
+    "codesepnum": -1,
     # The redeemscript to add to the scriptSig (if P2SH; None implies not P2SH).
     "script_p2sh": None,
     # The script to add to the witness in (if P2WSH; None implies P2WPKH)
@@ -1210,6 +1234,70 @@ def spenders_taproot_active():
                 standard = hashtype in VALID_SIGHASHES_ECDSA and (p2sh or witv0)
                 add_spender(spenders, "compat/nocsa", hashtype=hashtype, p2sh=p2sh, witv0=witv0, standard=standard, script=CScript([OP_IF, OP_11, pubkey1, OP_CHECKSIGADD, OP_12, OP_EQUAL, OP_ELSE, pubkey1, OP_CHECKSIG, OP_ENDIF]), key=eckey1, sigops_weight=4-3*witv0, inputs=[getter("sign"), b''], failure={"inputs": [getter("sign"), b'\x01']}, **ERR_UNDECODABLE)
 
+    # == sighash caching tests ==
+
+    # Sighash caching in legacy.
+    for p2sh in [False, True]:
+        for witv0 in [False, True]:
+            eckey1, pubkey1 = generate_keypair(compressed=compressed)
+            for _ in range(10):
+                # Construct a script with 20 checksig operations (10 sighash types, each 2 times),
+                # randomly ordered and interleaved with 4 OP_CODESEPARATORS.
+                ops = [1, 2, 3, 0x21, 0x42, 0x63, 0x81, 0x83, 0xe1, 0xc2, -1, -1] * 2
+                # Make sure no OP_CODESEPARATOR appears last.
+                while True:
+                    random.shuffle(ops)
+                    if ops[-1] != -1:
+                        break
+                script = [pubkey1]
+                inputs = []
+                codeseps = -1
+                for pos, op in enumerate(ops):
+                    if op == -1:
+                        codeseps += 1
+                        script.append(OP_CODESEPARATOR)
+                    elif pos + 1 != len(ops):
+                        script += [OP_TUCK, OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY]
+                        inputs.append(getter("sign", codesepnum=codeseps, hashtype=op))
+                    else:
+                        script += [OP_CHECKSIG]
+                        inputs.append(getter("sign", codesepnum=codeseps, hashtype=op))
+                inputs.reverse()
+                script = CScript(script)
+                add_spender(spenders, "sighashcache/legacy", p2sh=p2sh, witv0=witv0, standard=False, script=script, inputs=inputs, key=eckey1, sigops_weight=12*8*(4-3*witv0), no_fail=True)
+
+    # Sighash caching in tapscript.
+    for _ in range(10):
+        # Construct a script with 700 checksig operations (7 sighash types, each 100 times),
+        # randomly ordered and interleaved with 100 OP_CODESEPARATORS.
+        ops = [0, 1, 2, 3, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, -1] * 100
+        # Make sure no OP_CODESEPARATOR appears last.
+        while True:
+            random.shuffle(ops)
+            if ops[-1] != -1:
+                 break
+        script = [pubs[1]]
+        inputs = []
+        opcount = 1
+        codeseppos = -1
+        for pos, op in enumerate(ops):
+            if op == -1:
+                codeseppos = opcount
+                opcount += 1
+                script.append(OP_CODESEPARATOR)
+            elif pos + 1 != len(ops):
+                opcount += 2
+                script += [OP_TUCK, OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY]
+                inputs.append(getter("sign", codeseppos=codeseppos, hashtype=op))
+            else:
+                opcount += 1
+                script += [OP_CHECKSIG]
+                inputs.append(getter("sign", codeseppos=codeseppos, hashtype=op))
+        inputs.reverse()
+        script = CScript(script)
+        tap = taproot_construct(pubs[0], [("leaf", script)])
+        add_spender(spenders, "sighashcache/taproot", tap=tap, leaf="leaf", inputs=inputs, standard=True, key=secs[1], no_fail=True)
+
     return spenders
 
 
diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_accept.py b/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
index 2155b8de6b1..32d8f7f6eac 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ class MempoolAcceptanceTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         nested_anchor_spend.rehash()
 
         self.check_mempool_result(
-            result_expected=[{'txid': nested_anchor_spend.rehash(), 'allowed': False, 'reject-reason': 'non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (Witness version reserved for soft-fork upgrades)'}],
+            result_expected=[{'txid': nested_anchor_spend.rehash(), 'allowed': False, 'reject-reason': 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness version reserved for soft-fork upgrades)'}],
             rawtxs=[nested_anchor_spend.serialize().hex()],
             maxfeerate=0,
         )
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_invalid_tx.py b/test/functional/p2p_invalid_tx.py
index ee8c6c16ca3..439735d178a 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_invalid_tx.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_invalid_tx.py
@@ -73,14 +73,9 @@ class InvalidTxRequestTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
             tx = template.get_tx()
             node.p2ps[0].send_txs_and_test(
                 [tx], node, success=False,
-                expect_disconnect=template.expect_disconnect,
                 reject_reason=template.reject_reason,
             )
 
-            if template.expect_disconnect:
-                self.log.info("Reconnecting to peer")
-                self.reconnect_p2p()
-
         # Make two p2p connections to provide the node with orphans
         # * p2ps[0] will send valid orphan txs (one with low fee)
         # * p2ps[1] will send an invalid orphan tx (and is later disconnected for that)
@@ -144,7 +139,6 @@ class InvalidTxRequestTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         # tx_orphan_2_no_fee, because it has too low fee (p2ps[0] is not disconnected for relaying that tx)
         # tx_orphan_2_invalid, because it has negative fee (p2ps[1] is disconnected for relaying that tx)
 
-        self.wait_until(lambda: 1 == len(node.getpeerinfo()), timeout=12)  # p2ps[1] is no longer connected
         assert_equal(expected_mempool, set(node.getrawmempool()))
 
         self.log.info('Test orphan pool overflow')
@@ -165,7 +159,7 @@ class InvalidTxRequestTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
             node.p2ps[0].send_txs_and_test([rejected_parent], node, success=False)
 
         self.log.info('Test that a peer disconnection causes erase its transactions from the orphan pool')
-        with node.assert_debug_log(['Erased 100 orphan transaction(s) from peer=26']):
+        with node.assert_debug_log(['Erased 100 orphan transaction(s) from peer=']):
             self.reconnect_p2p(num_connections=1)
 
         self.log.info('Test that a transaction in the orphan pool is included in a new tip block causes erase this transaction from the orphan pool')
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py b/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py
index 5fdbf74a573..def70b733a6 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_opportunistic_1p1c.py
@@ -251,8 +251,10 @@ class PackageRelayTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         assert tx_orphan_bad_wit.rehash() not in node_mempool
 
         # 5. Have the other peer send the tx too, so that tx_orphan_bad_wit package is attempted.
-        bad_orphan_sender.send_message(msg_tx(low_fee_parent["tx"]))
-        bad_orphan_sender.wait_for_disconnect()
+        bad_orphan_sender.send_and_ping(msg_tx(low_fee_parent["tx"]))
+
+        # The bad orphan sender should not be disconnected.
+        bad_orphan_sender.sync_with_ping()
 
         # The peer that didn't provide the orphan should not be disconnected.
         parent_sender.sync_with_ping()
diff --git a/test/functional/p2p_segwit.py b/test/functional/p2p_segwit.py
index 9caf5a19aad..7815d6ea84e 100755
--- a/test/functional/p2p_segwit.py
+++ b/test/functional/p2p_segwit.py
@@ -704,14 +704,20 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         # segwit activation.  Note that older bitcoind's that are not
         # segwit-aware would also reject this for failing CLEANSTACK.
         with self.nodes[0].assert_debug_log(
-                expected_msgs=[spend_tx.hash, 'was not accepted: mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)']):
+                expected_msgs=[spend_tx.hash, 'was not accepted: mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)']):
+            test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, spend_tx, with_witness=False, accepted=False)
+
+        # The transaction was detected as witness stripped above and not added to the reject
+        # filter. Trying again will check it again and result in the same error.
+        with self.nodes[0].assert_debug_log(
+                expected_msgs=[spend_tx.hash, 'was not accepted: mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)']):
             test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, spend_tx, with_witness=False, accepted=False)
 
         # Try to put the witness script in the scriptSig, should also fail.
         spend_tx.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript([p2wsh_pubkey, b'a'])
         spend_tx.rehash()
         with self.nodes[0].assert_debug_log(
-                expected_msgs=[spend_tx.hash, 'was not accepted: mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Script evaluated without error but finished with a false/empty top stack element)']):
+                expected_msgs=[spend_tx.hash, 'was not accepted: mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Script evaluated without error but finished with a false/empty top stack element)']):
             test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, spend_tx, with_witness=False, accepted=False)
 
         # Now put the witness script in the witness, should succeed after
@@ -1282,6 +1288,13 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx2, with_witness=True, accepted=True)
         test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx3, with_witness=True, accepted=False)
 
+        # Now do the opposite: strip the witness entirely. This will be detected as witness stripping and
+        # the (w)txid won't be added to the reject filter: we can try again and get the same error.
+        tx3.wit.vtxinwit[0].scriptWitness.stack = []
+        reason = "was not accepted: mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Witness program was passed an empty witness)"
+        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx3, with_witness=False, accepted=False, reason=reason)
+        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx3, with_witness=False, accepted=False, reason=reason)
+
         # Get rid of the extra witness, and verify acceptance.
         tx3.wit.vtxinwit[0].scriptWitness.stack = [witness_script]
         # Also check that old_node gets a tx announcement, even though this is
@@ -1477,7 +1490,7 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         sign_input_segwitv0(tx2, 0, script, tx.vout[0].nValue, key)
 
         # Should fail policy test.
-        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx2, True, False, 'non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (Using non-compressed keys in segwit)')
+        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx2, True, False, 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Using non-compressed keys in segwit)')
         # But passes consensus.
         block = self.build_next_block()
         self.update_witness_block_with_transactions(block, [tx2])
@@ -1496,7 +1509,7 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         sign_p2pk_witness_input(witness_script, tx3, 0, SIGHASH_ALL, tx2.vout[0].nValue, key)
 
         # Should fail policy test.
-        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx3, True, False, 'non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (Using non-compressed keys in segwit)')
+        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx3, True, False, 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Using non-compressed keys in segwit)')
         # But passes consensus.
         block = self.build_next_block()
         self.update_witness_block_with_transactions(block, [tx3])
@@ -1513,7 +1526,7 @@ class SegWitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         sign_p2pk_witness_input(witness_script, tx4, 0, SIGHASH_ALL, tx3.vout[0].nValue, key)
 
         # Should fail policy test.
-        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx4, True, False, 'non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (Using non-compressed keys in segwit)')
+        test_transaction_acceptance(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, tx4, True, False, 'mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Using non-compressed keys in segwit)')
         block = self.build_next_block()
         self.update_witness_block_with_transactions(block, [tx4])
         test_witness_block(self.nodes[0], self.test_node, block, accepted=True)
diff --git a/test/functional/rpc_packages.py b/test/functional/rpc_packages.py
index a2f9210f94d..539e9d09add 100755
--- a/test/functional/rpc_packages.py
+++ b/test/functional/rpc_packages.py
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ class RPCPackagesTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
         assert_equal(testres_bad_sig, self.independent_txns_testres + [{
             "txid": tx_bad_sig_txid,
             "wtxid": tx_bad_sig_wtxid, "allowed": False,
-            "reject-reason": "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)",
-            "reject-details": "mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size), " +
+            "reject-reason": "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)",
+            "reject-details": "mempool-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size), " +
                               f"input 0 of {tx_bad_sig_txid} (wtxid {tx_bad_sig_wtxid}), spending {coin['txid']}:{coin['vout']}"
         }])
 
diff --git a/test/functional/test_framework/p2p.py b/test/functional/test_framework/p2p.py
index 207d19137b1..c5e518238ce 100755
--- a/test/functional/test_framework/p2p.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_framework/p2p.py
@@ -893,13 +893,12 @@ class P2PDataStore(P2PInterface):
             else:
                 assert node.getbestblockhash() != blocks[-1].hash
 
-    def send_txs_and_test(self, txs, node, *, success=True, expect_disconnect=False, reject_reason=None):
+    def send_txs_and_test(self, txs, node, *, success=True, reject_reason=None):
         """Send txs to test node and test whether they're accepted to the mempool.
 
          - add all txs to our tx_store
          - send tx messages for all txs
          - if success is True/False: assert that the txs are/are not accepted to the mempool
-         - if expect_disconnect is True: Skip the sync with ping
          - if reject_reason is set: assert that the correct reject message is logged."""
 
         with p2p_lock:
@@ -911,10 +910,7 @@ class P2PDataStore(P2PInterface):
             for tx in txs:
                 self.send_message(msg_tx(tx))
 
-            if expect_disconnect:
-                self.wait_for_disconnect()
-            else:
-                self.sync_with_ping()
+            self.sync_with_ping()
 
             raw_mempool = node.getrawmempool()
             if success: